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Advanced Higher History > 8. Attempts to create a Volksgemeinschaft, 1933-39 > Flashcards

8. Attempts to create a Volksgemeinschaft, 1933-39 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the Nazis Volksgemeinschaft ?

A

This meant building a Peoples community on a pure German Society of National Comrades whilst excluding Outsiders

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2
Q

Why did the Nazis ultimately fail to create a Peoples Community?

A

They failed to unite people of different classes or religion and were attempting to rule with fear and not genuine passion for Nazi beliefs

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3
Q

Who did the Nazis mainly persecute? (6)

A
  • Mentally ill\disabled
  • Asocials
  • Homosexuals
  • Gypsies
  • Minority religions
  • The Jews
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4
Q

What was the Law introduced to persecute the disabled?

A

the Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring

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5
Q

What did the Law introduced to persecute the Disabled do to disabled people?

A

Sterilise them to prevent them from reproducing

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6
Q

How many people were sterilised in Germany ?

A

350,000

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7
Q

What was the Action T4 programme?

A

When doctors would euthanise any disabled children

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8
Q

How did parents agree to Action T4?

A

Threatening

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9
Q

How did the Nazis persecute Asocials?

A

Sent to labour camps or sterilised and murdered

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10
Q

What colour of triangle would you wear if you were an Asocial ?

A

Black

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11
Q

What colour of triangle would Homosexuals be forced to wear?

A

Pink

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12
Q

What happened to a lot of homosexual men ?

A

They were either castrated or forced to undergo experiments to cure them

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13
Q

What would happen if a SS member was found to be Homosexual ?

A

They would be shot

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14
Q

How many Gypsies died under the Nazis?

A

500,000

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15
Q

What is the difference between the persecution of the Jews and the persecution of the Gypsies?

A

The Gypsies were not at first targeted

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16
Q

How were Jehovah Witnesses persecuted?

A

Arrested and Killed

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17
Q

Why were the Jews targeted?

A

Many Germans blamed them for the war defeat and 1920s problems

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18
Q

What were the main 3 Nuremberg laws?

A
  • Marriage and sex banned between Jews and Aryans
  • Jews were stripped of German citizenship
  • Aryan genetic tests started
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19
Q

How did the Nazis persecute Jews from 1936?

A

Encouraging them to emigrate but only after paying high taxes

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20
Q

How many more jews were under German control after the Anschluss?

A

150,000

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21
Q

What law affected Jewish Lawyers and Doctors?

A

Jewish lawyers and doctors were not allowed Aryan clients

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22
Q

What names must Jews add to their names ?

A

Women must add Sarah

Men must add Israel

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23
Q

What law affected Jewish businesses?

A

Jews were not allowed to own buisnesses

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24
Q

What law affected Jewish teachers and students?

A

Jews were banned from Schools

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25
Q

When was Kristallnacht ?

A

November 1938

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26
Q

How many Jews were killed on Kristallnacht ?

A

91

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27
Q

How did German business owners benefit from Nazi rule?

A
  • banning of trade unions

- rearmament

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28
Q

How did Steel companies not benefit from Nazi rule?

A

Nazis set up their own Steel companies which took precedent over those already established

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29
Q

Who are the Mittelstand?

A

Small and Medium sized companies in Germany

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30
Q

What class did the Mittelstand being to ?

A

Middle

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31
Q

Why did Nazis gain the support of the Mittelstand?

A

They were often the ones most effected by Hyperinflation and Weimar Economic problems

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32
Q

What was the main benefit that the Nazis did for Mittelstand?

A
  • A dramatic fall in unemployemnt

- Banning larger stores and putting higher taxes for bigger companies

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33
Q

How did the Mittelstand gain from Jewish persecution?

A

the Jewish ban on owning businesses reduced the competetion

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34
Q

What was the Entailed Farm Law?

A

This meant farms could not be sold or mortgaged, tying ownership to one family.

35
Q

Was the Entailed Farm Law successful ?

A

It made it hard for farmers to gain loans as they could not use their farms as security

36
Q

What was the DAF?

A

German Labour Front

37
Q

How did Workers’ benefit from the Nazi Party?

A
  • Levels of unemployment fell

- policies were introduced to benefit workers

38
Q

How many people were unemployed in 1932?

A

6 million

39
Q

How many people were unemployed in 1937?

A

1 million

40
Q

What were the main reasons for the fall of unemployment?

A
  • Investment in public works
  • The military conscription
  • Social programmes fro young people
41
Q

Who were not included in the unemployment figures?

A

Jews and Women

42
Q

What is KdF?

A

Strength through Joy

43
Q

What did KdF include?

A

Leisure Activities

Holidays

Cars

Sport

Theatre and Cinema visits

44
Q

What was Schönheit der Arbeit ?

A

Beauty of Work

45
Q

What did Schönheit der Arbeit aim to do?

A

Improve workplace condition to enhance working and please the workers

46
Q

Who set up wages and other working conditions?

A

The Trustees of Labour

47
Q

What increased as the average wages increased?

A

Average working hours and amount of tax

48
Q

What were the three main boys youth groups?

A
  • Cubs
  • Young German Boys
  • Hitler Youth
49
Q

What were the three main girls youth groups?

A

Young Girls
League of German Maidens
Faith and Beauty

50
Q

What were two groups that women would join once they came of age?

A

German Labour Front

German Students’ League

51
Q

Why did the Nazis put emphasis on youth groups ?

A

They were aiming for a Thousand Year Reich and wanted to attract young people to back them

52
Q

How did the Nazis target young people?

A

Propaganda at their schools and in their youth groups

53
Q

How many teachers were members of the Nazi teachers League by 1937?

A

97%

54
Q

What did Girls lessons consist of ?

A

Homemaking activates such as cooking and sewing

55
Q

When was the Catholic Teachers League shut down ?

A

1937

56
Q

Who were normally allocated as teaching assistants ?

A

Old Brown shirts

57
Q

How many teaching posts were empty in 1938 ?

A

3000

58
Q

Who controlled the Hitler Youth and League of German Maidens?

A

Baldur von Schirach

59
Q

What would happen if a child refused to join a youth group?

A

Threatened

Lack of Job offers

Effect the leaving Certificate

Fines or Prison for the parent

60
Q

What were two youth organisations that opposed the Nazis?

A

Swing movement

Edelweiss Pirates

61
Q

What were Napolas?

A

State boarding schools which were ran by the SS

62
Q

Who ran the Adolf Hitler Schools?

A

Robert Ley and Hitler

63
Q

What did the nazis view a women role should be ?

A

In the home, racing children and providing support for their Nazi Husbands

64
Q

What was given to encourage women to become Mothers?

A

Loans and awards (Mother’s Cross Medal for women with four or more children)

65
Q

What happened to divorce laws?

A

They were extended

66
Q

What would happen if a n Aryan married a non-Aryan ?

A

They would face prison if they continued

67
Q

How many women were allowed to attend each University?

A

10 %

68
Q

What jobs were women not allowed to do in Nazi Germany ?

A
  • civil servants
  • doctors
  • lawyers
  • judges
69
Q

Did women have political influence?

A

No because they were banned from serving as a deputy in the Reichstag

70
Q

Which group of men were women encouraged to have babies with?

A

Aryan SS members

71
Q

What does Lebensborn mean?

A

Life’s Springs

72
Q

What was the Nazis aim population?

A

120 million

73
Q

Did Nazis succeed in controlling women?

A

although there was an increase in births and marriages women continued to work especially during the war

74
Q

What type of Christianity did the Nazis advocate?

A

‘Positive Christianity’

75
Q

How many Germans were Protestant ?

A

40 million

76
Q

How many Germans were Catholic?

A

22 Million

77
Q

What religion was Hitler raised in ?

A

Catholic

78
Q

What was the Nazi Church?

A

The Reich Church

79
Q

Which Christian movement did the Nazis support in 1933?

A

Deutsche Christen - German Christians

80
Q

When was the Concordat signed?

A

July 1933

81
Q

How were Protestant Churches targeted?

A

By a Church Secession Campaign

82
Q

What was the Church Secession Campaign ?

A

It was a movement aimed at persuading Germans to abandon their churches

83
Q

How many people abandoned their churches who worked at the government?

A

100,000

84
Q

What movement did the Nazis plan to introduce after WW2?

A

German Faith Movement

Advanced Higher History (10 decks)

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