8. Adverse Reactions of Transfusions

Question 1

Unusual symptom of TA-GVHD not seen in other tx rxns

Answer 1

Diarrhea

Question 2

Non-immune mediated tx rx may involve what 3 things?

Answer 2

• Transfused component
• Pt’s underlying condition
• Method of infusion

Question 3

Tx rxn that is 5x more frequent in women than men

Answer 3

Post transfusion purpura

Question 4

Leading cause of transfusion associated fatalities?

Answer 4

TRALI

Question 5

When do DELAYED transfusion rxns occur?

Answer 5

Days or weeks (4-14 days)

Question 6

Volume overload secondary to rapid, high volume; severe hypoxia, increased BP, CVP, pulmonary edema, cardiac failure

Answer 6

TACO

Question 7

Recipient leukocyte antibodies, transfused cytokines; fever, chills, rigors

Answer 7

Febrile nonhemolytic

Question 8

Usual cause of AHTR?

Answer 8

ABO incompatibility

Question 9

Iron overload, multi-organ failure => kidney, liver, heart

Answer 9

Transfusion hemosiderosis

Question 10

Timeframe to be classified as an ACUTE transfusion rxn?

Answer 10

< 24 hrs

Question 11

2 hallmarks of intravascular hemolysis that may occur during AHTR?

Answer 11

Hemoglobinemia

Hemoglobinuria

Question 12

ABO incompability; fever, chills, pain, hypotension

Answer 12

Acute hemolytic

Question 13

Anti-IgA in IgA-deficient recipient; respiratory distress, hypotension

Answer 13

Anaphylactic

Question 14

Donor HLA or granulocyte antibodies; hypoxemia

Answer 14

TRALI

Question 15

Plasma allergen; rash, hives, flushing

Answer 15

Allergic, mild

Question 16

Treatment for transfusion hemosiderosis

Answer 16

Deferoxamine, deferiprone, defersirox

Red cell exchange

Question 17

Anti-HPA-1a or other plt antibody; thrombocytopenia

Answer 17

PTP Post transfusion purpura

Question 18

Primary or secondary alloimmunization; unexplained drop in hgb

Answer 18

Delayed hemolytic

Question 19

Donor septicemia or contamination during phlebotomy or handling; fever, chills => gram stain, culture unit

Answer 19

Sepsis

Question 20

5 antigens commonly implicated in DHTR

Answer 20

E, Jka, c, Fya, K

Question 21

Symptoms are similar to AHTR = must rule out hemolysis

Answer 21

Febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion rxn

Question 22

Treatment for citrate toxicity transfusion reaction

Answer 22

CaCl

Question 23

Viable donor lymphocytes attack recipient; fever, rash, diarrhea

Answer 23

TA-GVHD

Question 24

Immune mediated tx rx may involve what 3 things?

Answer 24

• Antigen-antibody complexes
• Cytokine release
• Complement activation

Question 25

Mechanical or chemical trauma to unit; fever, chills, pain, hypotension

Answer 25

Hemolytic