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Chemistry ✏️ > 8. Acids Bases And Salt > Flashcards

8. Acids Bases And Salt Flashcards

0
Q

Acid + metal

A

Metal salt + hydrogen

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1
Q

Effect of acid on litmus paper

A

Turns blue litmus red

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2
Q

Acid + metal hydroxide

A

Salt + water

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3
Q

Acid + metal carbonate

A

Metal salt + water + co2

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4
Q

Acid + metal oxide

A

Salt + water

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5
Q

Aqueous ammonia + acid

A

Ammonium-nonmetal

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6
Q

What is alkali

A

A base that is soluble in water

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7
Q

Effect of alkali on litmus paper

A

Turn red litmus paper blue

Except for CaCO3 because it does not dissolve in water to for an alkaline solution

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8
Q

Acid + base

A

Salt + water

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9
Q

Alkali + ammonium compounds

A

Salt + ammonia + water

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10
Q

Cause is acidic soil

A

Acid rain
Bacteria and fungi rotting the vegetation so that it releases acid
Use is fertilizer containing ammonium salt

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11
Q

How too neutral die the soil if it is too acidic

A

Adding crushed limestone (calcium carbonate)
Caco3(s) + 2h+(aq) -> ca2+ (aq) + co2(g) +h20(l)
Add lime to neutralize the excess acid
Cao(s) + 2h+(aq) -> ca2+(aq) + h20(l)

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12
Q

What if the soil is too alkaline

A

Farmers spray very dilute h2so4

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13
Q

What is the ionic equation for all combination of acid and alkali

A

Oh-(aq) + h+(aq) -> h20(l)

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14
Q

Describe Proton transfer

A

Acids are proton donor because they give away h+ ions when reacting with a base
Base is a proton acceptor - it removes protons from an acid

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15
Q

What determines strong acid?

A

Completely ionized when it dissolves in water -> no molecules of acid present
More ionized the acid is, the stronger it is
Strong acid conducts electricity > weak acid - bc there is a greater concentration of ions
Reacts faster bc there is a > concentration of H+ in the strong acid

16
Q

Describe strong bases and weak bases

A

Strong bases are completely ionised in water
Weak bases are partly ionised in water
All hydroxide of alkali metals are strong bases
Strong bases : high electrical conductivity, react faster

17
Q

What is oxide

A

A compound of oxygen an another element (metals or non metals)

18
Q

4 types of oxide

A

Acidic oxide
Basic oxide
Amphoteric oxide
Neutral oxide

19
Q

Describe acidic oxide

A 
Oxides of non metal
Often gases at rtp
React with water to form acid
React with base and alkaline to form salt and water
Do not react with acid
Non metal monoxide is not acidic oxide
20
Q

Describe basic oxide

A

Oxides of metal
Solid at rtp
Most are insoluble in water, except g1 metal oxide
React with acid to form salt and water
G1 and g2 metal react with water to form a metal hydroxide and an alkaline solution

21
Q

Describe amphoteric oxide

A

Oxide of al, zn and pb

Can behave as acidic oxide or basic oxide

22
Q

Describe neutral oxides

A

Do not react with acid or base
Usually non metal oxide - n2o, no, co, h2o
Insoluble in water

Chemistry ✏️ (16 decks)

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