8. Acid/Base Chem

Question 1

what is an acid vs a base

Answer 1

acid - donates H+
base - accepts H+

Question 2

H+ (free protons) are immediately hydrated into _____

Answer 2

hydronium ions (H3O+)

Question 3

differences between a strong vs weak acid

Answer 3

strong acid/ base = complete proton dissociation

weak acid/ base = incomplete proton dissociation

Question 4

conjugate acid vs base

Answer 4

conj acid = donates a proton (HA)
conj base = accepts proton (A-)

Question 5

low pKa =

Answer 5

stronger acid

Question 6

pKa

Answer 6

50% protonated and 50% deprotonated

Question 7

what is mid point of a titration

Answer 7

when pKa = pH

Question 8

polyprotic acid

Answer 8

compound that may lose more than 1 proton

Question 9

the pH of biological systems is maintained by ______

Answer 9

buffers

Question 10

what is the physiological pH range

Answer 10

7.35 to 7.45

Question 11

what are buffers made of and what is the buffering range

Answer 11

weak acid and conj base
or
weak base and conj acid

buffering range = pKa +/- 1

Question 12

at midpoint of titration it is the ____ ____ capacity

Answer 12

maximum buffering capacity

Question 13

what are universal buffers

Answer 13

buffers which have overlapping buffering regions

Question 14

what is major buffer system of blood

Answer 14

carbonic acid-bicarbonate (H2CO3/HCO3-)