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Pediatrics AQ cases > 8 > Flashcards

8 Flashcards

1
Q

Why not use ceftriaxone in pediatrics?

A

Can cause hyperbilirubinemia

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2
Q

Empiric tx of meningitis?

A

cofexetime, ampicillin and steroids

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3
Q

How test <18 mo child for HIV?

A

DNA PCR; Ab test won’t tell you anything since mom’s hang around for awhile

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4
Q

What infection do you want protect against in HIV pt with CD4 < 200?

A

PCP

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5
Q

What infection do you want protect against in HIV pt with CD4 < 100?

A

TOXO

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6
Q

What infection do you want protect against in HIV pt with CD4 < 50?

A

MAC

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7
Q

A child is diagnosed with osteomyelitis. Cultures show infection with salmonella. What do you need to do further?

A

Osteo is typically s. aureus; salmonella indicates patient likely has SCD.

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8
Q

2 common bugs in septic joints

A

Gonorrohea and S. aureus

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9
Q

How many WBC of joint aspirate indicate septic joint?

A

> 50,000

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10
Q

Itchy fingers

A

Scabies

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11
Q

Tx for scabies

A

Permethrin, lLindane

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12
Q

itchy butt and tape test

A

pinworm

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13
Q

tx for pinworm

A

Albendazole

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14
Q

tx for scabies and lice

A

Permethrin

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15
Q

Pneumonia in < 5 y/o is likely

A

viral

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16
Q

In who would 5 mm induration with PPD be concerning for TB?

A

Immunocompromised and close contact

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17
Q

Insidious onset, antalgic gate, protecting joint

A

Get XR - likely Legg-Calve-Perthes; will need cast

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18
Q

Joint pain in fat kid in puberty with no history of trauma

A

Get XR - likely SCFE; will need surgery

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19
Q

Protecting joint and looks sick

A

Septic joint

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20
Q

Joint pain, no trauma, recent viral URI

A

Likely transient synovitis, but consider septic joint and whether you need to tap and rule out; otherwise reassure and supportive care

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21
Q

Teenage athlete, enlargement of tibial tuberosity, knee pain

A

Osgood Schlatters; refrain from exercise and give time to heal

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22
Q

Two bone cancers

A

Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma

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23
Q

Bone tumor with onion skin appearance, mid shaft of long bone

A

Ewing sarcoma

24
Q

Retinoblastoma, sunburst pattern, distal femur

A

Osteosarcoma

25
Q

Where should fractures of growth plate be taken?

A

OR, if not addressed can impede growth

26
Q

Urine sample has RBCs with casts. Where is blood from?

A

Kidney

27
Q

Just like BPH in old men, ______ in children can lead to obstruction and hydronephropathy

A

posterior urethral valves

28
Q

What will PUV lead to in utero?

A

oligohydraminos

29
Q

What is use of voiding cystourethrogram?

A

rule out reflux

30
Q

What is a CI to circumcision?

A

Hypo and Epispadias

31
Q

What can renal US tell you?

A

Mass, hydronephrosis

32
Q

First line tx for AOM?

A

Amoxicillin

33
Q

Common bugs in otitis externa?

A

S. aureus, pseudamonas

34
Q

What to do for mastoiditis?

A

Surgical decompression of fluid

35
Q

When to treat sinusitis?

A

> 10 days sx, worsening, temp > 38 (100.4)

36
Q

Recurrent sinusitis. Imaging?

A

Yes, more likely anatomic defect.

37
Q

Does treatment of GAS pharyngitis prevent future rheumatic fever?

A

YES

38
Q

Does treatment of GAS pharyngitis prevent PSGN?

A

NO

39
Q

What are the four symptoms of the modified centor criteria for GAS pharyngitis?

A

Cough
Exudates
Cervical LAD
Temperature > 38

40
Q

When to treat strep without rapid strep test?

A

Centor > 4

41
Q

When to run rapid strep test?

A

Centor > 2

42
Q

What to do for nose bleeds?

A

Lean forward, apply pressure, cauterize (if anterior bleed), patching (if posterior bleed, risk of TSS so may want ppx abx)

43
Q

In nursery, baby appears blue, but quickly pinks up with crying. What is up?

A

Choanal atresia - crying forces to breath through mouth. Test with catheter through nose.

44
Q

You suspect a kid has swallowed a foreign body. There is an inspiratory wheeze on exam. Where is the FB?

A

Extrathroacid

45
Q

Wheeze on exhalation means FB ____

A

Intrathoracic, call pulm for bronchoscopy to remove

46
Q

You have a kid with asthma currently on albuterol. You want to add a LABA. What must you do first?

A

Must start both LABA and ICS! If LABA alone, increases mortality.

47
Q

A child with CF is diagnosed with pneumonia. What is likely bug?

A

Pseudomonas, common in CF

48
Q

What differentiates simple vs complex seizure.

A

LOC (complex)

49
Q

Another name for a complex generalized sizure

A

Grand mal

50
Q

Commonly used antiseizure med for kids

A

Keppra/Leviteracetam

51
Q

Ethosuximide

A

Used for absance seizures

52
Q

What medication to abort febrile seizure?

A

Benzos

53
Q

What to use to control fever?

A

Acetaminophen

54
Q

What is west syndrome?

A

Infantile spasm

55
Q

Interictal EEG, hysparrhythmia

A

infantile spasm/west syndrome – associated with tuberous sclerosis

56
Q

Ash-leaf spots, angiofibromas, infantile spasm

A

tuberous sclerosis

Pediatrics AQ cases (13 decks)

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