7B

Question 1

Meiosis

Answer 1

• specialised form of cell division
• used to produce gametes
• for reproducing organisms

Question 2

Gametes

Answer 2

• reproductive cells that arise from germlline cells
• contains half the genetic material (n) of a somatic cell

Question 3

Zygote

Answer 3

• Diploid cell
• formed by the combination of two haploid gamete cells

Question 4

Germline cell

Answer 4

• involved in the generation of gametes in eukaryotes

Question 5

Gonads

Answer 5

• The organs that produce gametes from germline cells
• testes and ovaries

Question 6

Metaphase plate

Answer 6

• The equator of a dividing cell
• during metaphase where chromosomes line up

Question 7

Microtubules

Answer 7

• long tube like fibre proteins that form part of the cytoskeleton of a eukaryotic cell
• helps gives the cell it’s structure
• used for cell movements, including transport of cell organelles and the movement of chromosomes during cell division.
• spindle fibres are made out of microtubules

Question 8

Cytokinesis

Answer 8

• division of the cytoplasm
• forms two daughter cells

Question 9

Crossing over

Answer 9

• the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids
• during prophase I
• results in new combinations of alleles in daughter cells

Question 10

Chiasma

Answer 10

• point or location of overlap between two non-sister chromatids

Question 11

Independent Assortment

Answer 11

• random orientation of homologous chromosomes
• along the metaphase plate
• during metaphase 1