7.4 Content Flashcards
What are the differences between microtubules and microfilaments?
Microtubules = skeleton. Microfilaments = a thin protein that will provide shape.
What are ribosomes?
Ribosomes are organelles that make proteins. Ribosomes are not membrane-bound like other organelles. They’re produced in the nucleus inside the nucleolus.
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membrane system of folded sacs and interconnected channels that serves as the site for protein and lipid synthesis.
How many types of ER are there and what are they?
There are two types of ER and it’s rough (protein) and smooth (hormones and lipids). The rough has ribosomes which has the protein role. The smooth doesn’t have those ribosomes studding.
What is the cytoskeleton made of?
It’s made up of microtubules and microfilaments.
What is a cytoskeleton?
Cytoskeleton is a network, basically thin protein fibers that form a framework for the cell and provide an anchor for the organelles.
What is cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm is the area that’s enclosed by the plasma membrane. It’s like the gatekeeper of phospholipid bilayers, it’s inside the gate and it’s a semifluid environment.
What is nucleus?
It’s where we host our genetic material (aka DNA). It holds information in order to make proteins that’ll regulate cell growth, function, and reproduction. DNA is the blueprint for life basically. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called a nuclear envelope.
What is golgi apparatus?
It’s a flattened stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.
What is a vacuole?
It’s a membrane bound sac used for temporary storage. They store food, enzymes, or waste. Vacuoles are mostly found in plant cells.
What are lysosomes?
They’re vesicles that contain substances that digest excess or worn-out organelles and food particles. They also digest bacteria or viruses that invade/ disturb the cell.
What are centrioles?
They’re organelles made of groups of microtubules that function during the cell division.
Where are the centrioles located?
The centrioles are located in the cytoplasm near the nucleus.
What does mitochondria do?
Mitochondria converts fuel particles into usable energy.
What is chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts capture light and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.
