7.4 Flashcards
Function of mitochondria
Produce ATP
where are mitochondria located within the cell and what does it’s location tell scientists
the highest concentrations of mitochondria are located wherever the most energy is needed within that organism. For example in sperm the mitochondria are mostly located around the flagellum because that is the most active part of a sperm gamete
Membrane structure of mitochondria
Mitochondria are double membraned with a distinct compartment between the 2 membranes
What is the structure and function of the mitochondria outer membrane?
Similar to the structure of a vesicle, the outer membrane is a phospholipid bilayer consisting of porins. The porins allow particles to pass in and out of the organelle
What is the structure and function of the Mitochondria inner membrane?
The inner membrane is organized into folds of cristae. they are folded in such a manner so that the surface area of the membrane is increased and the organelle has room for all of the electron transport system.
Where is the matrix located in the mitochondria and what is its function?
Middle part of the mitochondria. contains the enzymes needed for breaking down glucose into ATP and the recyclable intermediates (dissolved oxygen, water, carbon dioxide) that serve as energy shuttles
How are the folds of the inner membrane beneficial to the functions of the mitochondria
Because of the folded structure, all parts of the matrix are close to the inner membrane. This is useful because it allows matrix complexes to quickly diffuse to membrane complexes
What is the citric acid cycle?
the cycle that creates the electrons that travel from protein complexes in the electron transport chain.
origin of mitochondria
endosymbiosis theory says that mitochondria come from specialized bacteria that survived endocytosis and became incorporated into the cytoplasm
