7.3 Flashcards
What is nutrition?
The food necessary for health and growth
What are Nutrients?
Substances essential for healthy growth and maintenance of your body.
What are the types of nutrients required for the body?
Protein - Used for growth and repair (meat, fish and dairy products)
Carbohydrates- Main source of energy (wheat and oats)
Fats- Provides 2x energy as carbohydrates body stores energy as fat
Minerals such as iron, calcium, sodium and potassium don’t provide energy but are good for health.
Vitamins - control many of the chemical reactions in the body. They are required in only minute amounts
What is malnutrition?
Is when the nutrition provided by diet does not meet the needs of the body
What is under-nutrition
Not having enough of the nutrients the body requires.
What is kwashiorkor?
A diseases that is caused as a result of lack of protein
What is scurvy?
A disease that is caused as a result of lack of vitamin c
What is rickets?
A disease that causes the bones to remain relatively soft as a result of lack of vitamin D
What is Over nutrition?
Another form of malnutrition where the body gets so much nutrients that it does not work properly.
What can Over nutrition lead to?
Many chronic diseases such as diabestes and high blood presure.
What is a chronic disease?
A disease that lasts for a long period of time.
What is obeseity and overweight caused by?
Excess of energy, which the body then stores as fat and too much stored fat leads to these problems.
What is high blood pressure?
When the pressure between the arteries stays high between heartbeats and during rests
What is a heart attack?
When parts of the heart muscle is damaged or dies because the blood supply is blocked or severely damaged
What is a stroke?
When part of the brain is damaged or dies because the blood supply is blocked or severely reduced
What is cafeine?
A stimulant that acts on the brain to speed up the rate at which messages move around the body.
What is diabetes?
A complex disease caused by lack of insulin produced by the body or an insensitivity/resistance to insulin.
What is insulin?
Insulin is the hormone that lowers the level of glucose in the blood.
What are the two main types of diabetes?
1) Type 1
2) Type 2
What is type 1 diabetes?
Where the body stops producing insulin. Can be linked to some genetic factors and is not linked to lifestyle.
What is type 2 diabetes?
Where the body has become resistant to insulin. May have a genetic link, but is closely connected to lifestyle.
What is asbestosis?
A lung disease caused by breathing in asbestos fibers, which causes inflammation and scarring to the lungs making it difficult to get oxygen to the body.
