7.1 The Inheritance of Traits

Question 1

Where do adults produce Gametes?

Answer 1

In their Gonads by Meiosis

Question 2

Sperm cells fertilize egg cells to produce what single-called organism?

Answer 2

Zygotes

Question 3

What forms the Embryo?

Answer 3

Repeated cell division

Question 4

Genes

Answer 4

Are segments of DNA that code for proteins

Analogies to words in an instruction manual to build a human

Question 5

Chromosomes

Answer 5

Analogies to pages in an instruction manual for building a human

Question 6

Segregation

Answer 6

In Meiosis one member of each homologous pair goes into a gamete

Question 7

Independent assortment

Answer 7

Randomly determines which member of a pair of chromosomes goes into a Gamete

Question 8

Random Fertilization

Answer 8

Produces more diversity. There are 64 million possibilities

Question 9

No two humans are genetically identical except

Answer 9

Monozygotic twins

Question 10

What kind of twins are 50% identical?

Answer 10

Dizygotic twins

Question 11

Gregor Mendel

Answer 11

First to accurately describe rules of inheritance for simple traits

Question 12

What did Gregor Mendel’s research involve?

Answer 12

Mating between pea plants

Question 13

Where does Gregor Mendel’s pattern of inheritance occur?

Answer 13

In traits that are due to a single gene with a few alleles

Question 14

What else do Mendel’s principles apply to?

Answer 14

Genetic diseases in humans

Question 15

Phenotype

Answer 15

Physical traits of an individual

Ex: rolling of tongue

Question 16

Genotype

Answer 16

A description of the alleles for a particular gene in an individual

Question 17

Homozygous

Answer 17

Both alleles for a gene are identical

Ex: FF or ff

Question 18

Heterozygous

Answer 18

The gene has two different alleles

Question 19

Homozygous Dominant

Answer 19

FF

Question 20

Homozygous Recessive

Answer 20

ff

Question 21

Heterozygous Dominant

Answer 21

Ff

Question 22

Recessive

Answer 22

The phenotype of an allele is seen only when homozygous

Question 23

Dominant

Answer 23

The phenotype is seen when homozygous or heterozygous

At least one dominant allele