7.1. Crude oil Flashcards

1
Q

What is crude oil?

A

A mixture of hydrocarbons

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2
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

A compound made of atoms of carbon and hydrogen only

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3
Q

What is the difference between an alkane and an alkene?

A

Alkane = hydrocarbon with only single C-C bonds
Alkene = hydrocarbon that contains double C=C bonds

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4
Q

Name the first four alkanes

A

Methane, ethane, propane, butane

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5
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes?

A

CnH2n+2

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6
Q

What is the general formula for alkenes?

A

CnH2n

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7
Q

How does boiling point change with the length of an alkane?

A

The longer the alkane, the higher its boiling point

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8
Q

How does viscosity change with the length of an alkane?

A

The longer the alkane, the more viscous (the thicker) it is

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9
Q

How does flammability change with the length of an alkane?

A

The longer the alkane, the less flammable it is

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10
Q

What are the steps involved in fractional distillation?

A

Crude oil is vaporised, different molecules rise up the fractionating column and cool down. Condense at different points on the column.

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11
Q

What are the products of complete combustion?

A

Carbon dioxide and water

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12
Q

When does incomplete combustion occur?

A

When there is not enough oxygen present

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13
Q

What are the products of incomplete combustion?

A

Water and carbon monoxide OR carbon

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14
Q

What are the two types of cracking?

A

Catalytic and steam cracking

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15
Q

How do you test for an alkene?

A

React it with bromine water, if alkene it turns from orange to colourless

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