10. Using resources

Question 1

What is a finite resource?

Answer 1

A resource that will eventually run out

Question 2

What is sustainable development?

Answer 2

Development that meets the needs of current generations without affecting future generations negatively

Question 3

What are the three types of water that potable water can be obtained from?

Answer 3

Salt water, fresh water and waste water

Question 4

What is potable water?

Answer 4

Water that is safe to drink

Question 5

How is potable water extracted from fresh water?

Answer 5

Filtration and sterilisation

Question 6

How is potable water extracted from salt water?

Answer 6

Desalination (through distillation or reverse osmosis)

Question 7

What is sterilisation?

Answer 7

Killing microbes

Question 8

Give three examples of sterilising agents

Answer 8

Chlorine gas, UV light, ozone

Question 9

What are the first steps in processing waste water that result in sludge and effluent?

Answer 9

Screening and grit removal followed by sedimentation

Question 10

How is sludge treated?

Answer 10

Anaerobic respiration

Question 11

How is effluent treated?

Answer 11

Aerobic respiration

Question 12

What are the four stages of a life cycle assessment?

Answer 12

Extracting a processing raw materials
Manufacturing and packaging
Use and operation during its lifetime
Disposal at the end of its useful life

Question 13

How can we reduce the amount of new materials manufactured?

Answer 13

Reducing, reusing or recycling

Question 14

What is phytomining?

Answer 14

Using plants to extract copper

Question 15

What is bioleaching?

Answer 15

Using bacteria to extract copper

Question 16

What is corrosion?

Answer 16

Destruction of a material through reactions of substances in the environment

Question 17

What is sacrificial portection?

Answer 17

Adding a more reactive metal to the surface of a material

Question 18

How is rust formed?

Answer 18

Reaction between iron, oxygen and water

Question 19

What is a composite?

Answer 19

A mixture of a matrix and reinforcements

Question 20

Write the balanced symbol equation of the Haber Process

Answer 20

N2(g) + 2H2(g) <–> 2NH3(g)

Question 21

What is ammonia used for?

Answer 21

Fertilisers

Question 22

If you increase the temperature of the Haber Process, what is the effect on yield, rate and cost?

Answer 22

Decrease yield
Increase rate
Increase cost

Question 23

If you increase the pressure of the Haber Process, what is the effect on yield, rate and cost?

Answer 23

Increase yield
Increase rate
Increase cost

Question 24

What are the conditions for the Haber Process?

Answer 24

450?C, 200atm, iron catalyst

Question 25

What is an NPK fertiliser?

Answer 25

A formulation containing soluble compounds of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium