10. Using resources Flashcards
What is a finite resource?
A resource that will eventually run out
What is sustainable development?
Development that meets the needs of current generations without affecting future generations negatively
What are the three types of water that potable water can be obtained from?
Salt water, fresh water and waste water
What is potable water?
Water that is safe to drink
How is potable water extracted from fresh water?
Filtration and sterilisation
How is potable water extracted from salt water?
Desalination (through distillation or reverse osmosis)
What is sterilisation?
Killing microbes
Give three examples of sterilising agents
Chlorine gas, UV light, ozone
What are the first steps in processing waste water that result in sludge and effluent?
Screening and grit removal followed by sedimentation
How is sludge treated?
Anaerobic respiration
How is effluent treated?
Aerobic respiration
What are the four stages of a life cycle assessment?
Extracting a processing raw materials
Manufacturing and packaging
Use and operation during its lifetime
Disposal at the end of its useful life
How can we reduce the amount of new materials manufactured?
Reducing, reusing or recycling
What is phytomining?
Using plants to extract copper
What is bioleaching?
Using bacteria to extract copper
What is corrosion?
Destruction of a material through reactions of substances in the environment
What is sacrificial portection?
Adding a more reactive metal to the surface of a material
How is rust formed?
Reaction between iron, oxygen and water
What is a composite?
A mixture of a matrix and reinforcements
Write the balanced symbol equation of the Haber Process
N2(g) + 2H2(g) <–> 2NH3(g)
What is ammonia used for?
Fertilisers
If you increase the temperature of the Haber Process, what is the effect on yield, rate and cost?
Decrease yield
Increase rate
Increase cost
If you increase the pressure of the Haber Process, what is the effect on yield, rate and cost?
Increase yield
Increase rate
Increase cost
What are the conditions for the Haber Process?
450?C, 200atm, iron catalyst
