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Biology > 7.1 and 7.2 > Flashcards

7.1 and 7.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

scanning electron

A 
pencil-like beam of electrons scan over surface of specimen
produces 3D image
does not have to be ultra thin 
cannot see inner layers
1000000x
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2
Q

transmission electron

A 
explores cell structure and large protein molecules
2D, flat-like image
farther zoo 
ultra thin specimen
10000000x
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3
Q

holds the objectives and can rotate to change the magnification

A

nose piece

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4
Q

holds slide in place

A

stage clips

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5
Q

moves body tube to focus image

A

course adjustment knob

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6
Q

basic unit of life

A

cell

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7
Q

fundamental concept of biology

A

cell theory

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8
Q

Robert Hooke

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

A

discovered cells

discovered bacteria

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9
Q

lysosomes

p e a

A

plant

animal

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10
Q

provides magnification

A

scanning power objective - red - 4x
low power objective - yellow - 10x
high power objective - blue - 40x

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11
Q

Schleiden and Schwann

A

all plants and animals are made up of cells

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12
Q

central vacuole

A

stores salts
absorbs water to expand cell
supports heavy structures

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14
Q

ER

p e a

A

animal

plant

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15
Q

contractile vacuole

A

pump out excess water in single-celled organisms

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16
Q

vesicles

A

store and move materials between cell organelles

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17
Q

lysosomes

A

sac filled with enzymes
breaks down lipids, proteins, carbohydrates
fuse with food vacuoles to digest food
destroy harmful bacteria

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18
Q

microfilmates

A

pale purple
threadlike structures made of actin
allows cell to move and change shape

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19
Q

golgi

p e a

A

animal

plant

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20
Q

regulates amount of light passing up toward eye piece

A

diaphragm

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22
Q

microtubules

A

yellow
hollow structure made of tubulins
involved in cell division

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23
Q

contains magnifying lens

A

eye piece

24
Q

bound ribosomes

A

bound to ER

make membrane proteins

25
Q

rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

attached or bound to ribosomes
proteins exit out to Golgi
found in salivary glands

26
Q

maintains the proper distance between the eye piece and the objectives

A

body tube

27
Q

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

no ribosomes

produce lipids and sex hormones

28
Q

ribosomes

p e a

A

prokaryotic
animal
plant

29
Q

produces light or reflects light up toward eye piece

A

lamp

illuminator

30
Q

golgi apparatus

A

flattened stack structure
receives proteins from ER
revises and modifies proteins
sends to vesicles

31
Q

chloroplasts

A

site of photosynthesis

32
Q

cell wall

p e a

A

prokaryotic

plant

33
Q

mitochondria

A

power house

makes ATP - adenosine tri phosphate (high energy)

34
Q

cell wall

A

outside of cell membrane

glues plant shape and protection support

35
Q

flagella

A

long, thin whip-like structure
projects from cell
“s” shape motion

36
Q

cilia

A

shorter, more numerous than flagella
microtubules
rowing movement

37
Q

process of proteins leaving a cell

A

ribosomes > rough ER > golgi > vesicle

38
Q

nucleus

A

control center

contains DNA for reproduction

39
Q

nucleolus

A

produces ribosomes

40
Q

supports microscope

A

base

41
Q

nuclear membrane

A

controls movement into and out of nucleus

42
Q

compound light microscope

A 
observe objects and nonliving things
allows light to pass through specimen
see multiple layers of specimen
can only magnify small specimen
1000x
43
Q

cell membrane

p e a

A

prokaryotic
animal
plant

44
Q

vacuoles

p e a

A

animal - small and many

plant - large center vacuole

45
Q

mitochondria

p e a

A

animal

plant

46
Q

moves body tube slightly to adjust image

A

fine adjustment knob

47
Q

nucleus

p e a

A

animal

plant

48
Q

chloroplast

p e a

A

plant

49
Q

Rudolf Virchow

A

new cells can be produced only from division of existing cells

50
Q

cytoskeleton

p e a

A

animal

plant

51
Q

supports body tube

A

arm

52
Q

cytoskeleton

A

network of protein filments - microfilm aged and microtubules
give cells shape and internal organization
transport materials between cell

52
Q

free ribosomes

A

suspend in cytoplasm

make proteins that remain in cytoplasm

52
Q

cell membrane

A 
plasma membrane
thin outer boundary of cell
inside cell wall of plants
regulates chemicals in and out of cell
semi-permeable

Biology (7 decks)

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