Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHYT 5115 - Intro to MSK > 7 - Therapeutic Exercise > Flashcards

7 - Therapeutic Exercise Flashcards

1
Q

What is therapeutic exercise?

A

The prescription of physical activity that involves the client undertaking voluntary muscle contractions and/or movement with the aim of

  1. Relieving symptoms
  2. Improving function
  3. Improving, retaining or slowing deterioration of health
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are three examples of muscle performance exercises?

A

Strength, power and endurance training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or false: stretching techniques are a type of therapeutic exercise

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some examples of therapeutic exercise?

A 
Muscle performance exercises
Stretching techniques
Joint mobilization procedures
Neuromuscular control, inhibition and facilitation techniques
Posture awareness training
Task specific functional training
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What should you consider before you prescribe an exercise?

A

What tissue you are targeting (ex. muscle fibers, scar tissue, peripheral nerve, CNS)
Is the tissue damaged, if so what stage of healing is it in?
What other structures would be affected by this exercise?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some exercise goals?

A 
Increase or improve:
ROM
Strength
Endurance
Core stability
Peripheral joint stability
Motor patterning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or false: ROM/flexibility exercises should not be done when motion is disruptive to the healing process?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a contraindication versus a precaution?

A

Contraindication, you should not do something as it will not help, it may even hinder the recovery process
Precaution, be cautious, take it slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some situations in which you would do PROM?

A

To maintain the integrity during the healing process
When someone can’t or is not supposed to actively move the segment
To regain or recover motor impairment to maintain ROM
To avoid negative effects of immobilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some goals of PROM?

A

To reduce the complications the occur with immobilization:

  • maintain joint and connective tissue mobility
  • minimize effects of contracture formation
  • maintain elasticity of muscle
  • assist circulation and vascular dynamics
  • enhance synovial movement
  • decrease or inhibit pain
  • assist healing process
  • maintain patient awareness of movement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Continuous Passive Motion?

A

A CPM machine performs passive motion by a mechanical device that moves through joint ROM slowly and continuously.

  • Prevents adhesions and contractures
  • stimulates healing of tendons and ligaments
  • enhances healing of incisions
  • increases synovial fluid lubrication of joint
  • faster return of ROM
  • decreases post-op pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When would you use AROM

A

If there is no inflammation or contraindications to active motion

  • whenever the patient is able to contract the muscles actively and move the segment with or without assistance
  • aerobic conditioning
  • above and below regions of immobilized segments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some goals of AROM

A

Maintain elasticity and contractility of the muscles
Provide sensory feedback (AROM>PROM)
Provide stimulus for bone and joint tissue integrity
Increase circulation to prevent thrombus formation
Develop coordination and motor skills for functional activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When would you use AAROM?

A

When patient is unable to move joint through desired range (muscle weakness)
To aid in the healing process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some limitations to PROM?

A

Consciousness challenges true passive ROM
Does not prevent muscle atrophy
Does not improve strength and endurance
Limited assisted circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some limitations of AROM and AAROM?

A

Does not maintain or increase strength in strong muscles

Does not develop skill or coordination except in movement patterns used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What way are you moving if you are moving against gravity?

A

Away from the ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What way are you moving if you are moving with gravity?

A

Towards the ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What way are you moving if you have gravity eliminated?

A

Parallel with the ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

True or false: movements against gravity may require less assistance than movements with gravity eliminated?

A

False, they may require more assistance

21
Q

True or false: movements toward gravity may require assistance to support antagonist muscles?

A

True

22
Q

What is hypomobility

A

A decrease mobility or restricted motion at a joint/joints

23
Q

What is a contracture?

A

Adaptive shortening of tissues significantly resisting stretch and limiting ROM

24
Q

What is hypermobility?

A

detrimental joint instability if muscular control of joint is unable to maintain joint stability and functional position during activities

25
Q

What is a myostatic contracture?

A

No pathology, musculotendinous unit has adaptively shortened, can be resolved with stretching

26
Q

What is a pseudomyostatic contracture?

A

where there is hypertonicity/spasm/rigidity, muscle spasm or guarding can be resolved with neuromuscular inhibition techniques

27
Q

What is an arthrogenic contracture?

A

An intra-articular pathology (ex. adhesions, joint effusion, osteophyte formation)

28
Q

What is a periarticular contracture

A

Connective tissue crossing or attaching to joint or capsule lose mobility restricting normal arthrokinematics

29
Q

What is a fibrotic or irreversible contracture?

A

Potential to stretch fibrotic tissue but difficult to achieve optimal length, increased duration reduces gains (ex. immobilization)

30
Q

What is manual/passive/assisted stretching?

A

When there is end range stretch force applied by manual contact or mechanical device. Can be sustained or intermittent

31
Q

What is a self stretch?

A

Performed independently by patient

Goal to elongate hypomobile soft tissue

32
Q

What are muscle energy techniques?

A

Voluntary muscle contraction by patient, precise controlled direction and intensity against counter forces
Example: Post Isometric Relaxation: automatic state of muscle relaxation for a brief latent period after muscle contraction

33
Q

What is soft tissue mobilization?

A

When the therapist uses their hands to manipulate the tissue.
It is to improve extensibility of any soft tissue
Sustained manual pressure
Can also manipulate the connective tissue that binds soft tissue

34
Q

True or false: normal movements need free gliding of the dural neural and vascular tissues?

A

True

35
Q

True or false: increased tension on nerve tissue by adhesions can lead to pain or neurological symptoms

A

True

36
Q

What are three types of neuromuscular facilitation?

A

Hold Relax
Agonist Contraction
Hold Relax with Agonist Contraction

37
Q

What is the hold relax technique?

A

typical stretch technique. isometric contraction followed by relaxation and further stretch. Build tension slowly to avoid stretch reflex

38
Q

What is the agonist contraction technique?

A

Contract the agonist to inhibit antagonist to further stretch the antagonist

39
Q

What is the hold relax with agonist contraction technique?

A

Combination of all of them

40
Q

What are the general concepts/principles of stretching?

A

Stretch after activity
Helps maintain length/ROM
To decrease hypomobility
For chronic fibrotic contractures

41
Q

What are the clinical considerations for stretching a patient?

A

Warm the tissue to be stretched
Stabilize one bony attachment and move the other
Know the actions of the muscle and stretch in the opposite direction
Sensation should be tolerable discomfort
Hold for 15-30 seconds and repeat 3 times

42
Q

What are the 5W’s plus ___

A

Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How

43
Q

What to consider about the “who”

A 
Age
Weight bering status
Joint irritibility
Co-morbidities
Patient goals
44
Q

What to consider about the “what”

A

What is the name of the exercise
What tissue is being affected
What should the patient expect to feel during and after the exercise

45
Q

What to consider about the “where”

A

Where should the exercise be performed

Where should the patient feel the stress

46
Q

What to consider about the “when”

A

When and how often should the exercise be performed

47
Q

What to consider about the “why”

A

A patient who understands the purpose of the exercise will be more motivated and compliant

48
Q

What to consider about the “how”

A 
Demonstrate the proper performance 
Have patient perform exercise while you observe
Encourage what is performed correctly
Correct what is not right
Repeat the reps, sets, duration etc.

PHYT 5115 - Intro to MSK (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions