7. The digestive system (Summary) Flashcards
A ____ in plasma glucose levels will cause an ________ in the r______ of _______ from p_________ ____ cells.
A rise in plasma glucose levels will cause an increase in the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells.
Which cells secrete pepsinogen?
Chief cells
Finish this statement about the stomach:
[a]
CC s______ p_________.
[b]
P_______ c____ s_______ i________ f_____.
[c]
The p______ r_____ of the stomach prevents contents from r_______ when the s____ _________ contracts.
[d]
P_________ is activated to p_____ by H__
[a]
Chief cells secrete pepsinogen.
[b]
Parietal cells secrete instrinsic factor.
[c]
The pyloric region of the stomach prevents contents from re-entering when the small intestine contracts.
[d]
Pepsinogen is activated to pepsin by HCL.
What is pepsin:
An enzyme secreted from the chief cell which breaks down proteins into polypeptides.
What are the following components of saliva:
IgA antibodies
Mucin
Salivary amylase
L_____ is the enzyme that c_________ digest fats into:
F____ a____ and g_______
Lipase is the enzyme that chemically digest fats into:
Fatty acids and glycerol
Finish statement:
Chemical digestion of c____________ begins in the ____ ______ whereas chemical digestion of p_______ begins in the ________.
Chemical digestion of carbohydrates begins in the oral cavity whereas chemical digestion of proteins begins in the duodenum.
A lack of functioning salivary amylase would:
prevent an individual from being able to digest lactose
Bile:
Responsible for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine including feacal waste.
Decreased levels of b___ s____ in the bile would interfere with digestion of:
Decreased levels of bile salts in the bile would interfere with digestion of fat
Alpha cells secrete:
the peptide hormone glucagon, which elevates the glucose levels in the blood.
Beta cells secrete:
the hormone Amylin and called C-peptide, which slows the rate of glucose entering the bloodstream, making it a more short-term regulator of blood glucose levels.
The tail of the pancreas is on the ____ ____ of the _______, and the body lies between the ____ and the ____.
The two functional parts of the pancreas are EE
The tail of the pancreas is on the left side of the abdomen, and the body lies between the head and the tail.
The two functional parts of the pancreas are Endocrine and exocrine
Islets of Langerhans:
Groups of pancreatic cells secreting insulin and glucagon.
