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Chemistry > 7 - Oxidation, Reduction and Redox reactions. > Flashcards

7 - Oxidation, Reduction and Redox reactions. Flashcards

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1
Q

What is oxidation?

A

Addition of oxygen
Loss of electrons.

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2
Q

What is reduction?

A

Removal of oxygen
Gain of electrons.

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3
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

When both oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.

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4
Q

What is a spectator ion?

A

An ion that takes no place in a reaction.

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5
Q

What is a reducing agent?

A

Electron donor
Gets oxidised.

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6
Q

What is an oxidising agent?

A

Electron acceptor
Gets reduced.

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7
Q

What are oxidation states?

A

Numbers that show what has been oxidised and what has been reduced in a redox reaction.

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8
Q

What do oxidation states tell us in ionic compounds?

A

How many electrons have been lost or gained.

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9
Q

What do oxidation states tell us in molecules?

A

Indicates the distribution of electrons of between elements of different electronegativity.

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10
Q

How does electronegativity affect the oxidation state?

A

The more electronegative the element the more negative the oxidation state.

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11
Q

What is the oxidation state of uncombined elements?

A

0

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12
Q

What is the oxidation state of hydrogen?

A

+1
except metal hydrides (NaH)

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13
Q

What is the oxidation state of Group 1?

A

+1

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14
Q

What is the oxidation state of Group 2?

A

+2

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15
Q

What is the oxidation state of Aluminium?

A

+3

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16
Q

What is the oxidation state of oxygen?

A

-2
except peroxides (OF2)

17
Q

What is the oxidation state of flourine?

A

-1

18
Q

What is the oxidation state of chlorine?

A

-1
except with F/O

19
Q

What is the sum of oxidation states in compounds?

A

0
As all compounds are electrically neutral.

20
Q

What are the conditions for a balanced redox equation?

A

The number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation is the same.
The total charge on each side of the equation is the same.

21
Q

What is disproportionation?

A

When atoms of the same element are both oxidised AND reduced.

Chemistry (17 decks)

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