7: Nursing Research and Evidence- Based Care Flashcards
research
a formalized process of systematic investigation designed to test a question or hypothesis and draw conclusions from collected data
Nursing research
a systematic inquiry into the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of patient care, such as support and comfort, prevention of trauma, promotion of recovery, health education, health appraisal, and coordination of healthcare
Evidence-based practice
an approach to health-care that realizes that pathophysiologic reasoning and personal experience are necessary, but not sufficient, for making decisions
Dr. David Sackett
one of the pioneers of evidence-based medicine
Defining it as “the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. The practice of evidence-based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with thebest available external evidence from systematic research”
Systematic reviews
Reviews that use explicit methods to identify, select, and critically evaluate relevant research in a way to minimize the possibility of bias by using explicit criteria for inclusion
Meta-analyses
systematic reviews that combine the results of several studies using qualitative statistics
Quantitative research
the systematic collection of numeric information
Qualitative research
the systematic collection and analysis of more subjective narrative materials
Foreground questions
those that are specific to a particular patient
PICO
P—stands for the patient or problem and its delineation
I—signifies the intervention considered
C—denotes comparison if appropriate, or it may be optional
O—represents the outcome of interest or relevant outcomes
theory
set of interrelated constructs or propositions that attempts to present or explain some phenomenon systematically
problem statement
identifies the direction that a research project will take
Variables
operationalized concepts
independent variable
assumed to have occurred naturally before or during the study
dependent variable
what you believe might be influenced or modified
Research design
overall plan for the collection and analysis of the data
Anonymity
protection of the subject so that not even the researcher can link the subject to the information provided
Confidentiality
that the subjects’ identities will not be linked with the information they provide and will not be publicly divulged
A nurse is evaluating the medical center’s approach to mobilizing secretions in patients with tracheotomies. Which would be the benefit to using EBP?
Select all that apply:
a. EBP is evaluated based on outcome studies.
b. Practitioner knowledge and personal experience are insufficient.
c. EBP integrates clinical expertise with external evidence.
d. Hospitals can utilize experts in their facility.
e. Provide cost-saving, quality care
a. EBP is evaluated based on outcome studies.
b. Practitioner knowledge and personal experience are insufficient.
c. EBP integrates clinical expertise with external evidence.
e. Provide cost-saving, quality care
Which of the following are ethical and legal issues related to the research process that are evaluated by IRBs?
Select all that apply:
a. Blinded participation
b. Privacy and dignity
c. Balance between benefits and risk
d. Protection from mental and physical suffering
b. Privacy and dignity
c. Balance between benefits and risk
d. Protection from mental and physical suffering
Nursing research includes systematic inquiry into which of the following?
a. Clinical practice
b. Education
c. Administration
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Bundling findings to improve care is now a nursing standard in the care of congestive heart failure and has been shown to reduce readmission rates. This is one example of which of the following research aspects?
a. Qualitative and quantitative data collection
b. Disseminating research results
c. Classifying nursing phenomena
d. Translation of research to practice
d. Translation of research to practice
A nurse is conducting a research study of postoperative pain medications. What should be done first?
a. Develop a theoretical framework
b. Define a hypothesis
c. Review the literature
d. Gather participants
c. Review the literature
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR)
Full-test database containing systematic reviews and protocols (reviews still in progress) of the effects of healthcare interventions
hypothesis
Statement that predicts the relationships between
the variables under study
literature review
Process of selecting published materials
about the concepts to be examined in a research study
method
Procedure a researcher follows to gather and analyze
data
networking
System of meeting and establishing contacts with colleagues who share common interests
