Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE Computer Science > 7) Ethical, Legal & Environmental Impacts > Flashcards

7) Ethical, Legal & Environmental Impacts Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards Biology 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

What is open source software?

A

A model of software development which allows permitted use of its source code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are open source projects?

A

Projects where the code used to create the project is publicly available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can anyone do with open source software?

A

View
Modify
Distribute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are advantages of open source code?

A

Usually free
Maintained by large companies
Encourages collaboration
Encourages rapid development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are disadvantages of open source code?

A

Usually provides no warranty or guarantee
Small projects may not receive regular updates
Official customer support may not be available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is proprietary software also known as?

A

Closed source software

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is proprietary software?

A

Software where the code is not available to people outside of the organisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Wat does it mean to buy proprietary software?

A

You do not own the software

You only have the license to use it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is illegal to do with propietary software?

A

Modifying
Copying
Redistributing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are advantages of proprietary software?

A

Comes with a warranty or guarantee
Often has customer support
Should be thoroughly tested and reliable
Usually easier to install and use for an average user

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are disadvantages of proprietary software?

A

Source code is unavailable so cannot be fixed by users
Might not do exactly what you want it to do
Can be expensive
Older versions may not be maintained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do different licenses determine for open source software?

A

What can be done with the software’s source code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a license?

A

A set of rules which tell a consumer what they can and cannot do with a piece of software

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are examples of what a license can tell a consumer to do?

A

You can / cannot distribute this software

You can / cannot resell this software

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do typical often source licenses state?

A

If you use the open source software in a project you software must also be open source licensed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What problem arises from projects having to be open source licensed?

A

Difficult to sell your software

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an important ethical issue in today’s society?

A

The digital divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What affect does the digital divide have on education and career?

A

Those without technoogy do not have acess to free educational websites and cannot pay for formal education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the digital divide?

A

Not everyone has acess to computers or the internet

Those without acess are at a disadvantage in terms of education, welfare and career opportunities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does net neutrality concern?

A

How bandwidth is controlled on the internet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What was a key principle of the internet concerning packets for a long time?

A

All packets were treated equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does net neutrality mean for two website attempting to acess a network?

A

If two websites both want to acess a network, they should both have equal response times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Who are companies payinh to priorotise their traffic?

A

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does ISP stand for?

A

Internet Service Provider

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are impacts of net neutrality collapsing?

A

Large, rich technology companies will have more control over traffic on the internet
They could pay to have their traffic prioritised over their competitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where are electronic devices usually assembled?

A

Abroad factories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What wages do electronic factory workers often receive?

A

Low wages for long hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What choice do consumer’s have in the conditions in which their products are produced?

A

Little or no choice

Often do not know about the conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What do many governments limit online?

A

What their citizens can see

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are cons of censorship?

A

Opposing political websites can be banned
Communication with other countries banned
Generally considered to limit people’s freedom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are pros of censorship?

A

Keeps people safe online, or blocks illegal content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What does DPA stand for?

A

Data Protection Act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What does the DPA determine?

A

What organsiations can do with collected personal data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What does the DPA define?

A

The rights of the individual over the data stored about them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What was the DPA strenghened to in 2018?

A

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What does GDPR stand for?

A

General Protection Regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

How many principles does the DPA have?

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What are the first 4 principles of the DPA?

A

1) Data must be used and processed in a fair and lawful way
2) Data must only be used for the stated purpose
3) Data must be adequate, relevant and not excessive for the specified use
4) Data must be accurate and kept up-to-date

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What are the second 4 principles of the DPA?

A

5) Data should not be kept longer than necessary
6) Data should only be used according to the rights of the data subject
7) Data should be kept safe and secure
8) Data must not be transferred to organisations within other countries that do not offer a similar level of protection

40
Q

When was the DPA introduced?

A

1998

41
Q

When was the CMA introduced?

A

1990

42
Q

What does CMA stand for?

A

Computer Misuse Act

43
Q

What are the 3 offenses of the computer misuse act?

A

Unauthorised access
Unauthorised access with intent
Unauthorised modification

44
Q

What was the computer misuse act introduced to protect against?

A

Hacking and cybercrime

45
Q

What is the unauthorised access offence of the CMA?

A

It is illegal to attempt to access a computer or its contents without authorisation

46
Q

What is the unauthorised access with intent offence of the CMA?

A

It is illegal to attempt toa ccess a network or device with the intent of committing further criminal activity

47
Q

What is the unauthorised modification offence of the CMA?

A

It is illegal to intend to modify or destory a computer system or data without authorisation
This makes using malware a criminal offence

48
Q

What does the FOI act regard?

A

How data is kept within public bodies

49
Q

What does FOI stand for?

A

Freedom of information

50
Q

When was the FOI act introduced?

A

2000

51
Q

What does the FOI act state public bodies must do?

A

Public bodies must regularly publish certain information

52
Q

What does the FOI act give the public the right to do?

A

Request information that is held by public bodies

53
Q

What is a public body?

A

An organisation that provides a public service

54
Q

What do public bodies include?

A 
Hospitals
Schools
Police forces
Armed forces
Government
55
Q

What can members of the public request from public bodies?

A

CCTV footage
Statistics
Financial information
Activity logs

56
Q

When do public bodies not have to release requested information?

A

If releasing the information would cause harm to an individual or endanger national security

57
Q

What is creative commons?

A

A licensing framework which allows content producers to publish their intellectual property with licenses that give permisson for others to use their work

58
Q

What does CC stand for?

A

Creative Commons licensing

59
Q

What are the types of CC licensing?

A

CC attribution
CC share-alike
CC non-commercial
CC no-derivatives

60
Q

What is CC attribution?

A

Work can be shared, copied or modified as long as the content creator is credited

61
Q

What is CC share-alike?

A

Any work that is used must be redistributed under the same license terms as the original

62
Q

What is CC non-commercial?

A

Works can be used, but only if no profit is made from them

63
Q

What is CC no-derivatives?

A

Work can be shared or redistributed, but not modified

64
Q

What sites contain CC content?

A

Youtube
Soundcloud
Google Images

65
Q

What is copyright?

A

A framework to protect the use of intellectual property

66
Q

When was the copyright designs and patents act introduced?

A

1988

67
Q

What does the copyright designs and patents act automatically apply to?

A

Any original creative work that is physically expressed

68
Q

What is illegal under the copyright designs and patents act?

A

Making copies of the copyrighted material
Sharing copyrighted material
Using unlicensed software
Plagiarising someone’s creative work

69
Q

How is it possible to request permission to use copyrighted material?

A

Write to the creator stating your intended use
They do not have to grant permission
They may choose to demand a fee

70
Q

What are patents?

A

Legal protections over inventions

71
Q

Can patents apply to software or hardware?

A

Both

72
Q

What do patents cover?

A

Ideas and concepts rather than intellectual property

73
Q

What are issues related to the copyright designs and patents act?

A

The internet makes file sharing very easy
Perfect copies of intellectual property can be made
Uncertainty whether website hosts are responsible for illegal content uploaded by users

74
Q

How has technology improved education?

A

Online learning platforms provide access to courses at some of the world’s best universities for free

75
Q

How has technology improved social interaction?

A

Socia lnetworks allow people to connect with long lost friends or family anywhere in the world

76
Q

How has technology improved welfare?

A

Applying for benefits and other services online saves time

Government can use saved money on improving other services

77
Q

How has technology improved work-life-balance?

A

Mobile devices give employees freedom to work from anywhere at any time

78
Q

How has technology improved health?

A

Computerised imaging
Modelling diseases
Artifical intelligence

79
Q

How has technology negatively impacted work-life-balance?

A

Feeling like work njever finishes can intrude on family time resulting in poorer relationships

80
Q

How has technology negatively impacted fake news?

A

Main news source for young adults is social media which quickly spreads fake news

81
Q

How has technology negatively impacted education?

A

Technology is expensive and poorer schools cannot afford devices contributing to the digitsal divide

82
Q

How has technology negatively impacted health? (4)

A

Repetitive strain injury
Eye strain
Neck and back problems
Lack of exercise

83
Q

How has technology negatively impacted social interaction?

A

Users of social networks can receive an idealised view of other’s lives
Cyberbullying and trolling can be distressing

84
Q

What is E-waste?

A

The discard of electronic devices

85
Q

How does repairing technology contribubte to E-waste?

A

Manufacturers often make tech difficult to repair so it is heaper to replace it than repair it

86
Q

What factors contribute to E-waste? (3)

A

Newer models

Difficult repairs

87
Q

How do people bypass strict E-waste rules?

A

Many organisations send e-waste to countries with fewer reulgations

88
Q

Why are data centres some of the worst offenders for energy consumption?

A

They need to power their servers and cooling systems

89
Q

How much of America’s total power do data centres consume?

A

2%

90
Q

How do data centres reduce energy consumption?

A

Hot cold aisles
One server’s air outtake (hot) doesn’t blow into another server’s air intake (cold)
Server virualisation runs multiple servers on one piece of hardware reducing redundant severs

91
Q

What are some positive environmental impacts (3)?

A

Online communication reduces travel
Climate change monitoring
Efficient engines, wind turbines

92
Q

What is tracked online?

A

What you have purchased
Search terms
Visited websites

93
Q

What has a lack of regulations concerning tracking data lead to?

A

Companies tracking data without permission

94
Q

What is the Internet of Things concept?

A

A network of physcial devices and appliances can connect and exchange data

95
Q

What do mobile phones make easy for the IoT to record?

A

Location and movement habits (GPS)

What you look like (facia recognition)

96
Q

What does IoT stand for?

A

Internet of Things

GCSE Computer Science (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions