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GCSE bio > 7. Ecology > Flashcards

7. Ecology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

A community of organisms and the environment they live

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2
Q

What is a community?

A

A group of organisms living in the same place

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3
Q

What is interdependence?

A

Organisms being dependant on each other

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4
Q

What is competition?

A

When a number of organisms compete for the same resources

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5
Q

Name five things that are needed for an organism to survive and reproduce

A

Food, water, air, habitat and a mate

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6
Q

Name four things that organisms compete for

A

Food, water, space and a mate

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7
Q

What is an abiotic factor?

A

A non-living factor that affects the ecosystem

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8
Q

List six abiotic factors

A

Light, temperature, water, wind, carbon dioxide, oxygen

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9
Q

What is a biotic factor?

A

Living parts of the ecosystem

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10
Q

List three biotic factors

A

Food, predators, pathogens

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11
Q

What is an adaptation?

A

Change in characteristics to suit the environment

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12
Q

What is an extremophile?

A

An organism that can survive in extreme environments

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13
Q

Give three examples of plant adaptations

A

Wider roots, larger flowers, spines

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14
Q

Give three examples of animal adaptations

A

Colour of fur, ear size, feet/paws

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15
Q

Where does energy in a food chain come from?

A

The sun

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16
Q

What is a producer?

A

A plant or bacteria that is the first part of a food chain

17
Q

What is a primary consumer?

A

Herbivore that feeds off the producer plants

18
Q

What is a tertiary consumer?

A

Carnivore or omnivore that feeds on animals and plants

19
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

Variation of plants and animals in a habitat

20
Q

Why is biodiversity important?

A

It is the foundation of a healthy ecosystem

21
Q

What is pollution?

A

Harmful or poisonous chemicals in an environment

22
Q

What gases contribute to global warming? [3]

A

CO2, H2O, CH4

23
Q

What is a structural adaptation?

A

A physical part or feature of an organism

24
Q

What is a behavioural adaptation?

A

The way an organism behaves

25
Q

What is a functional adaptation?

A

Biological processes within the organism

GCSE bio (4 decks)

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