7) Chronic Illness Flashcards
What is the focus of a sociological approach to chronic illness?
Impact on social interaction and role performance
How people manage and negotiate the illness in everyday life
What is the work of chronic illness?
Everyday interactional work people have to do
What does illness work involve?
Diagnosis - period of uncertainty
Managing symptoms
Self management
What is an expert patient programme?
Where a patient with a LTC helps another
What are the advantages of an expert patient programme?
Coping and condition management skills
Aims to reduce hospital admissions
Patient centred
What are the disadvantages of an expert patient programme?
Responsibility for care placed on (ill) patients
Do they have a real understanding?
Lack of evidence of efficiency saving
What does everyday life work involve?
Coping, management strategy and normalisation
What is normalisation?
Try to keep pre-illness lifestyle e.g. disguising symptoms
Redesignate your new life as ‘normal life’
What does emotional work involve?
Work that people do to protect emotional well being of others e.g. I’m ok, don’t worry about me
What is biographical work?
Former self image lost - struggle to lead valued lives and maintain positive definitions of self
What is identity work?
Condition affects how people see themselves and how others see them
Illness defines identity
What is stigma?
Negatively defined condition, attribute, trait or behaviour conferring deviant status
What is discreditable stigma?
Give an example
Nothing seen but if people found out, would view you differently e.g. mental illness, HIV
What is discredited stigma?
Give an example
Physically visible characteristics which sets them apart e.g. physical disability
What condition can have both discreditable and discredited stigma?
Epilepsy
What is enacted stigma?
Real experience of prejudice or discrimination due to the condition
What is felt stigma?
Fear of enacted stigma
What is the medical model of disability?
Disability is a deviation from medical norm and disadvantages are consequences of impairment
Needs medical intervention
What is the social model of disability?
Problems are product of environment and failure of environment to adjust
Need political and social changes
What are the critiques of the medical model of disability?
Lacks recognition of social and psychological factors
Stereotyping and stigmatizing language
What are the critiques of the social model of disability?
Body is left out
Overly drawn view of society
What is the aim of the ICIDH?
Classify consequences of disease by 3 concepts:
Impairment
Disability
Handicap (social and psycho)
What are the problems with ICIDH?
Use of term ‘handicap’
Implies problems are inevitable
What are the key components of ICF?
Integrates medical and social models using key components: Body structures and functions Impairments Activities undertaken and limitation Participation in life situations
What are all components in ICF affected by?
Personal and environmental factors
