7 - Chemical reactions Flashcards
What is Chatelier’s principle?
The position of the equilibrium moves to oppose the disruption.
How do changes in temperature affect equilibrium? (System)
Increase in temperature - Favors endothermic reaction to consume energy.
Decrease in temperature - Favors exothermic reaction to produce energy.
How do changes in pressure affect equilibrium? (System)
Increase in pressure - Favors the side with less moles to reduce pressure.
Decrease in pressure - Favors the side with more moles to increase pressure
How do changes in the concentration affect equilibrium? (Substance)
Increase in concentration of a substance - Favors the other substance to use up the excess concentration.
Decrease in concentration of a substance - Favors the substance to produce more of it.
How do catalysts affect equilibrium?
Increases the rate of reaction:
Reaction arrives at equilibrium faster.
What does OILRIG stand for?
Oxidation Is Loss (in terms of electrons)
Reduction Is Gain (in terms of electrons)
What is a reducing agent?
A substance that reduces another by being oxidised.
What is an oxidising agent?
A substance that oxidises another by being reduced.
