7: acid base reg

Question 1

which enzyme systems and body functions are altered by [H+]

Answer 1

all

Question 2

[H+] in the body is kept very ___ compared to other ions

Answer 2

low

Question 3

___ blood pH is 7.4, while venous blood and interstitial fluid pH is 7.35

Answer 3

arterial

Question 4

____ fluid pH ranges from 6.0-7.4 while ___ ranges from 4.5-8.0
-gastric HCl is 0.8

Answer 4

intracellular

urine

Question 5

if arterial blood is below 7.4, a person is considered to have ___. but if the pH increases above 7.4, they have ___.

Answer 5

acidosis

alkalosis

Question 6

the kidneys regulate __ [H+] by three mechanisms

• secretion of H+
• reabsorp of filtered HCO3-
• prod of new HCO3-

Answer 6

extracellular

Question 7

2 main buffers in control of acid-base balance

Answer 7

phosphate

ammonia

Question 8

in ___, tubular secretion of H+ is DECREASED

-H+ is to low for complete HCO3 reabsorp

Answer 8

alkalosis

Question 9

in ___ tubular secretion of H+ is INCREASED

-increased reabsorp of HCO3

Answer 9

acidosis

Question 10

if acidosis occurs because and increase in Pco2, it is considered __ acidosis

Answer 10

respiratory

Question 11

if acidosis occurs bc of a fall in HCO3 it is considered ___ acidosis

Answer 11

metabolic

Question 12

excess H+ in the renal tubules causes complete reabsorption of ___

Answer 12

HCO3

Question 13

excess HCO3 cannot be reabsorbed bc of the lower levels of ___ secreted into the tubules, in renal correction of alkalosis

Answer 13

H+

Question 14

only __% of amino acids available in the body are convertible

Answer 14

60

Question 15

detection of low ___ levels in cells and in the blood plasma stim gluconeogenesis

Answer 15

carbohydrate