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Question 1

Ecosystem?

Answer 1

Refers to all components of ecological systems both biotic and abiotic that influence the flow of energy and elements.

Question 2

Raymond Lindeman Group?

Answer 2

Organizing organisms on how they obtain energy.

Question 3

Primary production?

Answer 3

Chemical energy generated by autotrophs by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

Question 4

Primary productivity?

Answer 4

The rate of primary production.

Question 5

Gross primary production (GPP)?

Answer 5

Total amount of carbon fixed by autotrophs.

Question 6

Leaf area index?

Question 7

NPP (Net Primary Production)?

Answer 7

GPP - Respiration

Question 8

What is NPP used for? (2•)

Answer 8

•Amount of energy captured by autotrophs that results in an increase in biomass (living plant matter) and is the •energy left over for plant growth.

Question 9

What does a higher NPP means?

Answer 9

Less productivity because not a lot of respiration is occurring.

Question 10

NPP Varies? (2•)

Answer 10

•Over space and time, and •mostly correlated with climate.

Question 11

How does NPP get affected with a warming environment?

Answer 11

NPP increases.

Question 12

Allochthonous inputs?

Answer 12

External energy inputs.

Question 13

Autochthonous energy?

Answer 13

Energy produced by autotrophs within the system.

Question 14

Trophic pyramid?

Answer 14

A way to represent the trophic biomass and energy.

Question 15

Percentage of energy and biomass transfer per trophic level?

Answer 15

10% per trophic level.

Question 16

In aquatic systems, how is the trophic pyramid different?

Answer 16

Although energy is the same, the pyramid for biomass is reversed since phytoplankton (r-selected) has high turnover.

Question 17

Factors affecting energy flow?

Answer 17

•amount of NPP at base of food web
•Proportion of each trophic level consumed by the one above it
•Nutritional content of autotrophs, detritus, and prey
•Efficiency of energy transfers.

Question 18

Bioaccumulation?

Answer 18

Some chemicals aren’t metabolized or excreted and become more concentrated in tissues over an organism’s lifetime.

Question 19

Biomagnification?

Answer 19

Concentration increases when going up in higher trophic levels, like mercury from tuna to a human.

Question 20

In the nitrogen cycle, which pool includes the most nitrogen?

Answer 20

Detritus.

Question 21

How does nitrogen fixation occur?

Answer 21

Mutualisms with mycorrhizal fungi.

Question 22

Four main types of ecosystem services? (4•)

Answer 22

Provisioning, supporting, cultural, regulating