6.5 Other pathogenic agents

Question 1

What are some ways a virus may be transmitted

Answer 1

1 - Droplet infection
2 - Direct contact with animal faeces
3- Transmitted by infected surfaces

Question 2

What is the mode of infection for the flu virus

Answer 2

It is to infect the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory system

Question 3

Describe what happens inside the cells of the small intestine that have taken up the
norovirus.
(3)

Answer 3

1 - Viral RNA is made
2 - Viral protein is made
3 - Assembly of viruses

Question 4

How does viral RNA work?

Answer 4

• Takes over the host cell nucleus using its mechanics to make more viral proteins

Question 5

What is a long thread of fungi called?

Answer 5

• Hyphae

Question 6

How do the fungi reproduce ?

Answer 6

Reproduce using spores in large quantities

Question 7

How are spores from infected plants carried to younger plants ?

Answer 7

By wind

Question 8

What are the pathogenic effects of stem rust fungus

Answer 8

• Stem rust fungus takes up nutrients
• Which means there is less amino acids to form proteins for the plant OR less glucose for resp.
• Stem rust fungus interferes with vascular tissues, therefore weakens the stem of the plant

Question 9

Describe how influeza viruses are transmitted from one person to another

Answer 9

• Infected air droplets

Question 10

Give the function of RNA polymerase

Answer 10

Synthesise mRNA

Question 11

How does the flu cause somebody to have a runny nose

Answer 11

• Virus destorys cell in nasal passage
• Releasing excess mucus

Question 12

Suggest why the virus causes damage to only some types of human cell

Answer 12

• Shape of virus attaches to specific receptors on human cells