6.4 Internal energy Flashcards
1
Q
What happens when you switch on a kettle
A
- Temperature of water increases
- Molecules of water gain energy
- Move faster
- When boiled, molecules have gained enough energy to move away from each other so water turns into vapour
2
Q
What is internal energy
A
The energy stored by the particles of a substance
3
Q
What’s the internal energy of a substance
A
Total energy in kinetic and potential energy stores
4
Q
What happens when heating a substance
A
- Increases energy of particles
- Temperature of substance increases
- Kinetic energy increases
5
Q
What happens to potential energy when substance melts or boils
A
increases
6
Q
Describe particles in a solid
A
- Strong forces of attraction between particles
- Forces bond the particles in fixed positions
- Particles vibrate around fixed position
7
Q
Describe particles in a liquid
A
- weak forces of attraction, not strong enough to hold particles together in rigid structure
- Slide over each other
8
Q
What happens when a gas is heated
A
- Kinetic energy increases
- move faster
- pressure of gas increases because particles collide more often and with more force
9
Q
Describe particles in a gas
A
- high speed
- random directions
- collide with each other
10
Q
What happens to the potential energy when substance changing from solid to liquid
A
increases
11
Q
Which two energy stores are present when changing from liquid to gas
A
kinetic + potential
