4.0 Introduction to circuits Flashcards

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1
Q

Charge def

A

A property of a body which experiences a force in an electric field

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2
Q

Charge symbol

A

Q

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3
Q

Charge units

A

coulombs (C)

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4
Q

Current def

A

A measure of the flow of electrons around a circuit

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5
Q

In which way does direct current flow

A

from positive to negative

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6
Q

Current symbol

A

I (i)

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7
Q

Current units

A

Amperes or Amps (A)

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8
Q

Potential difference def

A

The force driving the flow of electrons

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9
Q

Potential difference symbol

A

V

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10
Q

Potential difference units

A

Volts (V)

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11
Q

Resistance def

A

Everything that resists or opposes the flow of electrons

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12
Q

Resistance symbol

A

R

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13
Q

Resistance units

A

Ohms (Ω)

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14
Q

What does a wire do

A

Connects components and passes current easily from one part of a circuit to another

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15
Q

What does a cell do

A

Pushes electrons around a complete circuit

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16
Q

What does a switch do

A

Opens and closes to turn a circuit on (closed) or off (open) by not allowing electrons to pass through when open

17
Q

What does a resistor do

A

Limits the current in a circuit

18
Q

What does a variable resistor do

A

Allows the current to be varied

19
Q

What does a diode do

A

Allows current through in one direction only

20
Q

What does a fuse do

A

Designed to melt and therefore ‘break’ the circuit if the current through it is greater than a certain amount

21
Q

What does a voltmeter do

A

Measures p.d.

22
Q

What does an ammeter do

A

measures current

23
Q

What does a light-dependent resistor (LDR) do

A

Changes resistance based on light intensity.

24
Q

What does a light emitting diode (LED) do

A

It emits a light when current passes through it

25
Q

What does a thermistor do

A

It changes resistance depending on its temperature

26
Q

What does a heater do

A

Transfers energy from an electric current to heat surroundings

27
Q

What does a lamp do

A

Emits light as a signal when current passes through it