6.3 Hígado: cirrosis Flashcards

1
Q

Causas de cirrosis

A

Alcohol
Viral
Hemocromatosis
Colangitis y biliar primaria
Hep autoinmune
Idiopática

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2
Q

Estigmas cirróticos: manos

A

Eritema palmar
Acropaquia

Dupuytren (contractura de dedos)
Leuconiquia (puntos blancos uñas)
Atrofia hipotenar

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3
Q

Estigmas cirróticos: tórax

A

Ictericia
Ginecomastia

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4
Q

Estigmas cirróticos: abdomen

A

Ascitis
Caput medusa

Hepatoesplenomegalia
Microorquidia

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5
Q

Complicaciones de cirrosis

A

HTA portal
Esplenomegalia
Ascitis
Encefalopatía

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6
Q

Ascitis: índice de GASA

A

Gradiente de albúmina en ascitis para determinar su origen

<1.1 = inflamatorio
>1.1 = HTA portal

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7
Q

Ascitis: manejo

A
  • Restricción de sal
  • Restricción hídrica
  • Diuréticos (espiro o furo)
  • Paracentesis
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8
Q

Peritonitis espontánea primaria: datos

A

10-20% cirrosis
Dx: PMN >250
AB empírico

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9
Q

Sx hepatorrenal: datos

A

Sec a HTA portal
Uresis agresiva
Na urinario bajo

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10
Q

Encefalopatía: datos

A

Aumento de amonio sérico
Puede darse por muchas cosas
Tx: lactulosa

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11
Q

Encefalopatía: grados con clínica

A

1: asterixis leve
2: asterixis evidente, dispraxia
3: rigidez muscular, clonus, hiperreflexia
4: coma

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12
Q

Várices esofágicas: datos

A

Sec a HTA portal
Mortalidad 1er sangrado: 10-20%
Tx: endoscopía con ligaduras
Farma: octeótride y propanolol

Octeótride disminuye presión portal y sangrado
Propanolol reduce riesgo de re-sangrado

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13
Q

Escala Child-Pugh: 1

A

BT <2
Alb >3.5
TP/INR <1.8
Ascitis ausente
No encefalopatía

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14
Q

Escala Child-Pugh: 2

A

BT 2-3
Alb 2.8-3.5
TP/INR 1.8-2.3
Ascitis leve
Encefalopatía 1-2

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15
Q

Escala Child-Pugh: 3

A

BT >3
Alb <2.8
TP/INR >2.3
Ascitis moderada
Encefalopatía 3-4

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