6.3 Defense Against Infection Disease Flashcards
What is the essential idea of defense against infection disease?
The human body has structures and processes that resist the continuous threat of invasion by pathogens.
What are bacteria?
Prokaryotes that divide by binary fission
What are fungi?
Eukaryotes that reproduce with spores
Name three examples of conditions that could be caused by bacteria
Food poisoning, Ear and eye infections, Cholera
Name three examples of conditions that could be caused by Viruses
Flu, HIV/AIDS, Small Pox
Name three examples of conditions that could be caused by fungi
Athlete’s foot, ringworm, allergic reactions and respiratory problems
What are Protozoa
Simple parasites
Name three examples of conditions that could be caused by protozoa
Malaria, Leishmaniasis, Toxoplasmosis
Blood clotting is an example of ……..
A metabolic pathway: a chain of biochemical reactions
What are pathogens?
A disease causing agent that disrupt the normal physiology of infected organisms
What are diseases that can be naturally transmitted between animals and humans called?
Zoonotic diseases
What are antibiotics?
compounds that target prokaryotic features (cell wall, metabolic processes) but don’t harm eukaryotic cells.
Why can’t antibiotics be used to treat viruses?
They don’t have metabolism
What was the first antibitotic identified, by who, and when?
Penicillin, Fleming, 1928
What is the blood clotting cascade?
- Platelet/Cell damage occurs, clotting factors are released
- Thrombin is created
- Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin
- Fibrin captures erythrocytes (red blood cell)
- Clot
