3.2 Chromosomes

Question 1

true or false: eukaryotes have plasmids

Answer 1

FALSE

Question 2

what are eukaryotic chromosomes

Answer 2

DNA molecules associated with histone proteins

Question 3

define a prokaryote:

Answer 3

any organism that lacks a distinct nucleus due to the absence of its internal membrane

Question 4

what is mitosis?

Answer 4

the process of cell duplication or reproduction

Question 5

briefly describe what happens in mitosis

Answer 5

one cell genetically splits into two identical daughter cells

Question 6

what is the purpose of mitosis?

Answer 6

to produce more diploid cells

Question 7

describe the difference between Cytokinesis and mitosis:

Answer 7

Cytokinesis is the further division of a cells cytoplasm, forming new daughter cells. Mitosis is the cell’s nucleus dividing into two

Question 8

what does a karyogram do?

Answer 8

Shows the chromosomes of an organism in homologous pairs of decreasing length.

Question 9

which of these terms describes the fundamental structural unit of a eukaryotic chromosome:
A) nucleotide B) centromeres C) nucleosome D) histones

Answer 9

C) nucleosome

Question 10

which of the following chemicals is a component of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 10

protein

Question 11

True or False:

In homologous chromosomes, each gene is at the same locus on both chromosomes

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

What do chromosomes look like in someone with down syndrome?

Answer 12

There is an extra (third) chromosome on the 21st chromosome. (Trisomy 21)