6.2 - Robotics Flashcards
What is robotics? [2]
a branch of computer science that brings together the design, construction and operation of robots
What are Isaac’s 3 laws of robotics? [3]
LAW 1: a robot may not injure a human through action or inaction
LAW 2: a robot must obey orders given by humans, unless it comes into conflict with LAW 1
LAW 3: a robot must protect itself, unless this conflicts with LAW 1
What is the usage of robots in factories? [3]
- welding parts together
- fitting windscreens to cars
- cutting out metal parts very precisely
What is the usage of robots at home? [3]
- floor sweepers
- pool cleaning
- automatic window cleaners
What is the usage of robots in drones? [2]
- parcel deliveries e.g. Amazon
- taking aerial photographs
What are the characteristics of ROBOTS? [3]
- must be programmable
- must have a degree of movement
- must be able to sense their surroundings
What does the robot use to be able to sense its surroundings? [2]
sensors and cameras
What does the robot use to have a degree of movement? [3]
- wheels
- pistons
- mechanical structures made up of motors and actuators
What does a robot have that makes it able to be programmed and what does it do? [2]
- a controller
- determines actions that need to be taken
Why don’t many robots possess AI? [2]
- they tend to do repetitive tasks
- instead of requiring adaptive human characteristics
What are WebCrawlers, What do they do and What uses them? [3]
- software robot
- roams internet scanning websites and categorising them
- used by search engines
What is a controller? [2]
a microprocessor that is in control of a process
What are chat bots and What do they do? [2]
- pop-up robot on a website
- enters some form of conversation with the web user
What does autonomous mean? [2]
able to operate independently without any human input
What is a robot? [2]
a mechanical device that can carry out tasks normally done by humans
What two categories can PHYSICAL robots be classified as? [2]
- independent robots
-dependent robots
What are the characteristics of INDEPENDENT robots? [2]
- no direct human control
- can replace human activity completely
What is an example of an INDEPENDENT robot? [1]
self driving car
What are the characteristics of DEPENDENT robots? [2]
- has a human interfacing directly with the robot
- can help rather than totally replace the human activity
What is an example of a DEPENDENT robot? [1]
robots in car factories building cars
What are the advantages of robots in Industry? [6]
- Robots can work in hazardous conditions
- works 24/7
- be less expensive
- more productive and consistent
- better suited for repetitive tasks
- less likely to make mistakes
What are the disadvantages of robots in Transportation? [6]
- high setup costs
- fear of hacking into vehicle control system
- security and safety issues
- need for system maintenance
- sensors could fail in heavy snowfall conditions
- potential unemployment due to reduced need for taxis.
How are robots used in Medicine? Give examples. [5]
- surgical procedures
- monitors patients during minor surgeries
- disinfecting rooms
- takes blood samples from patients
- prosthetic limbs
What are the disadvantages of robots in Industry? [5]
- can perform non-standard tasks
- increases unemployment
- risk of deskilling humans
- relocate factories to lowercost locations leading to unemployment
- expensive to buy and operate.
What are the advantages of robots in Transportation? [6]
- safer and environmentally friendly
- reduces traffic congestion
- improves lane capacity and average speeds
- reduces travel times
- stress-free parking
- less human error and congestion when parking
How are robots used in Agriculture? [5]
- harvesting and picking
- weed control
- phenotyping
- seed planting drones and fertiliser distribution
- autonomous agriculture devices
How are robots used in Entertainment? Give examples. [5]
- theme parks
- film & tv industry
- music festivals
- control cameras
- special effects
How are robots used in harvesting and picking vegetable and fruit? [2]
- much faster at harvesting than humans
- leads to higher yields
How are robots used in weed control? [2]
- uses GPS tracking to stay on course
- removes weeds between vines
How are robots used in phenotyping? [2]
- observes physical characteristics of a plant
- assesses the health and growth of the plant
How are robots used in seed planting drones and fertiliser distribution? [2]
- efficiently spreads fertiliser
- reduces waste and improves coverage
How are robots used in autonomous agriculture devices? Give examples. [5]
- grass mowers
- seeding robots
- weeding
- fertiliser spraying
- harvesting
How are domestic robots used in the house? Give examples. [3]
- autonomous vacuum cleaners
- autonomous grass cutters
- personal assisstants
