6.2 Adaptive Immune Response II

Question 1

Where do the T and B lymphocytes mature and what are the conditions

Answer 1

T cells: Thymus
B cells: Tissues following contact with antigen

Question 2

What are the key lymphoid tissues

Answer 2

MALT (Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)
Lymph nodes
Spleen

Question 3

What is Lymphodenopathy and When and Where does it occur

Answer 3

What: Swollen lymph nodes
When: When B cells and T cells are activated by antigen (caused by cancer, infection)
Where: Neck, Thymus, Armpit, Diaphragm, Spleen, Groin

Question 4

APCs release cytokines to differentiate Naive CD4+ T cells into…by what types of interleukins ?

Answer 4

TH1 by IL-12
TH2 by IL-4
TH17 by IL-1/IL6
Treg by IL-10, TGFβ

Question 5

Function of TH1

Answer 5

Cell mediated immunity
-Assist differentiation of CD8+ T cells into cytotoxic T cells
-Recruitment and activation of macrophages (phagocytosis)
-Induce IgG/IgA production by B cells

Question 6

Function of TH2

Answer 6

Humoral immunity
-Assists IgE and IgG production by B cells
-Attracts eosinophils that kill pathogens
-Drive mast cells to cause allergies

Question 7

Function of TH17

Answer 7

Recruitment and activation of neutrophils

Question 8

Function of Treg

Answer 8

Tolerance
Immune suppression

Question 9

Which type of T cells are involved in Humoral immunity

Answer 9

TH2
TH17

Question 10

Which cytokines differentiate antigen-stimulated B cells into plasma cells

Answer 10

IFNγ (Interferon)
IL-4
TGFβ (Transforming growth factor)

Question 11

Plasma cells are differentiated into IgG by what cytokine

Answer 11

IFNγ

Question 12

Plasma cells are differentiated into IgE by what cytokine

Answer 12

IL-4

Question 13

Plasma cells are differentiated into IgA by what cytokine

Answer 13

TGFβ

Question 14

Which type of antibody corresponds to thymus-independent antigens

Answer 14

IgM

Question 15

Which type of antibody corresponds to thymus-dependent antigens

Answer 15

IgE
IgA

Question 16

Acute infections are associated with which type of antibody

Answer 16

IgM

Question 17

Acute infections are associated with which type of antibody

Answer 17

IgG

Question 18

Functions of IgG

Answer 18

Fc dependent phagocytosis
Complete activation
Neonatal immunity
Toxin/virus neutralisation

Question 19

Functions of IgA

Answer 19

Mucosal immunity

Question 20

Functions of IgE

Answer 20

Immunity against helminths (parasites)
Mast cell degranulation (prevent allergies)

Question 21

Functions IgM

Answer 21

Complement activation

Question 22

Mnemonic for DiGeorge syndrome

Answer 22

CATCH 22

Cardiac abnormalities
Abnormal facies
Thymic aplasia
Cleft palate
Hypocalcaemia
22q II deletion

Question 23

Defect in CD40L is due to

Answer 23

Hyper IgM syndrome

Question 24

Patients who do not have CD40L on their Tcells will likely produce an antibody response to staph. aureus composed mostly of what antibody

Answer 24

IgM