6.2 Adaptive Immune Response II Flashcards
Where do the T and B lymphocytes mature and what are the conditions
T cells: Thymus
B cells: Tissues following contact with antigen
What are the key lymphoid tissues
MALT (Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)
Lymph nodes
Spleen
What is Lymphodenopathy and When and Where does it occur
What: Swollen lymph nodes
When: When B cells and T cells are activated by antigen (caused by cancer, infection)
Where: Neck, Thymus, Armpit, Diaphragm, Spleen, Groin
APCs release cytokines to differentiate Naive CD4+ T cells into…by what types of interleukins ?
TH1 by IL-12
TH2 by IL-4
TH17 by IL-1/IL6
Treg by IL-10, TGFβ
Function of TH1
Cell mediated immunity
-Assist differentiation of CD8+ T cells into cytotoxic T cells
-Recruitment and activation of macrophages (phagocytosis)
-Induce IgG/IgA production by B cells
Function of TH2
Humoral immunity
-Assists IgE and IgG production by B cells
-Attracts eosinophils that kill pathogens
-Drive mast cells to cause allergies
Function of TH17
Recruitment and activation of neutrophils
Function of Treg
Tolerance
Immune suppression
Which type of T cells are involved in Humoral immunity
TH2
TH17
Which cytokines differentiate antigen-stimulated B cells into plasma cells
IFNγ (Interferon)
IL-4
TGFβ (Transforming growth factor)
Plasma cells are differentiated into IgG by what cytokine
IFNγ
Plasma cells are differentiated into IgE by what cytokine
IL-4
Plasma cells are differentiated into IgA by what cytokine
TGFβ
Which type of antibody corresponds to thymus-independent antigens
IgM
Which type of antibody corresponds to thymus-dependent antigens
IgE
IgA
Acute infections are associated with which type of antibody
IgM
Acute infections are associated with which type of antibody
IgG
Functions of IgG
Fc dependent phagocytosis
Complete activation
Neonatal immunity
Toxin/virus neutralisation
Functions of IgA
Mucosal immunity
Functions of IgE
Immunity against helminths (parasites)
Mast cell degranulation (prevent allergies)
Functions IgM
Complement activation
Mnemonic for DiGeorge syndrome
CATCH 22
Cardiac abnormalities
Abnormal facies
Thymic aplasia
Cleft palate
Hypocalcaemia
22q II deletion
Defect in CD40L is due to
Hyper IgM syndrome
Patients who do not have CD40L on their Tcells will likely produce an antibody response to staph. aureus composed mostly of what antibody
IgM
