4.1 Viral Hepatitis

Question 1

What is hepatitis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the liver

Question 2

What is Hepatitis viruses

Answer 2

-Replication specifically in hepatocytes
-Destruction of hepatocytes

Question 3

Features of different types of Hepatitis

Answer 3

A- acute
B-
C- chronic
D-
E- like A

Question 4

What type of hepatitis has a DNA viral structure

Answer 4

Hepatitis B

Question 5

Types of jaundice

Answer 5

Pre-hepatic
Intrahaptic
Extrahepatic

Question 6

Components of LFTs

Answer 6

-Bilirubin
-Liver transaminase (ALT, AST)
-Alkaline phosphates (ALP)
-Albumin
Test of coagulation

Question 7

3 causes of ALT>1000

Answer 7

Viral hepatitis
Drugs/medication
Blood clots

Question 8

Who is at risk of hepatitis B

Answer 8

Vertical transmission
Sexual contact
Ppl who inject drugs
Close household contacts
HCW via needle stick injuries

Question 9

Describe the serology of hepatitis B in 6 steps

Answer 9

1. Surface antigen
2. E-antigen
3. Core antigen (IgM)
4. E-antibody
5. Surface antibody
6. Core antibody (IgG)

Question 10

Define chronic Hep B infection

Answer 10

-Persistence of HBsAg after 6 months

Question 11

Treatment for Hep B infection

Answer 11

No cure
-life long anti-virals

Question 12

Who is at risk of Hepatitis C

Answer 12

-Ppl who inject drugs
-Sexual contact
-Infants born to HCV -positive mothers
-Blood transfusion prior to 1991
-Needle stick injures to HCW

Question 13

Disease progression of Hep C

Answer 13

80% become chronically infected

Question 14

Symptoms of Hep C

Answer 14

80%: no symptoms
20%: vague symptoms
-fatigue
-anorexia
-nausea
-abdominal pain

Question 15

Blood tests for Hep C

Answer 15

Serology: anti-HepC antibody
Viral PCR:

Question 16

Treatments for Hep C

Answer 16

Antiviral drug combo
No vaccine

Question 17

Risk of transmission from needle stick for HIV, HepC, HepB

Answer 17

HIV- 1/300
Hep C- 1/30
Hep B- 1/3 (lower if vaccinated)