6.15 - Isomerism

Question 1

What are chain isomers?

Answer 1

Compounds with the same molecular formula but a different length longest carbon chain

Question 2

What are position isomers?

Answer 2

Molecules that have the same functional group, but the functional group is in a different position on the carbon chain

Question 3

What are stereoisomers?

Answer 3

Compounds with the same structural formula, but with the atoms or groups arranged differently in 3 dimensions

Question 4

What are geometric isomers?

Answer 4

Compounds containing a carbon-carbon double bond, with atoms or groups attached at different positions

Question 5

How is cis/trans naming used?

Answer 5

Cis = Same -> The groups are on the same side of the double bond

Trans = Different -> The groups are on opposite sides of the double bond

Question 6

What is E/Z notation?

Answer 6

Using E and Z to show the difference between two geometric isomers

Question 7

How do you name a compound using E or Z?

Answer 7

1. Work out the part of the name that can be used for both isomers
2. Work out which atoms has a higher priority on the left side
3. Do the same for the right side
4. An E-isomer has these atoms on opposite sides, a Z-isomer has them on opposite sides

Question 8

What is an easy way to remember the difference between E/Z isomers?

Answer 8

Z = On ZE ZAME ZIDE (Mild German Racism)

Question 9

What does restricted rotation around a carbon-carbon double bond mean?

Answer 9

That the position of atoms or groups attached to the carbon atoms is fixed