6 - learning: behaviourism

Question 1

negative punishment

Answer 1

a favourable event or outcome is removed after a undesired behaviour happens

Question 2

shaping definition

Answer 2

gradually modifying existing behaviour into desired behaviour

Question 3

behaviourism - stimulus generalisation

Answer 3

occurs when response spreads from one specific stimulus to the other stimuli that resemble the original (responding to any bell sound no matter what pitch) - failure on the math test - general school anxiety

Question 4

behaviourism - discrimination

Answer 4

abillity to respond differnetly to distinct stimuli (only responding to one type of bell)

Question 5

reducing undersirable bahviours in classroom

Answer 5

• time-out
• satiation (temporarily encouraging negative behaviour by letting students engage in behaviour so much that they either get bored or embarrassed)
• extinction
• token economies

Question 6

learning definition

Answer 6

process of leading to relatively permanent behavioural change or potential behavioural change

Question 7

interpretation of learning from different aspects / schools of psychology

Answer 7

• behaviourism
• cognitive approach
• social cognitive theories
• constructivism
• connectivism

Question 8

premack principle

Answer 8

preferred behaviours (behaviours with higher level of intrinsic reinforcement) can be used as rewards or reinforcements for less preferred behaviours
(if they could be quiet during lesson, they could have few minutes of running around and yelling before the next lesson)

Question 9

schedule of reinforcement

Answer 9

continuous schedule
- will allow for quicker learned behaviour
- it’s subject to extinction as reinforcing a behaviour every single time is difficult to maintain for a long period of time

partial schedule
- more resistant to extinction
- behaviours may take time to acquire
- fixed/variable ratio schedule and fixed/variable interval

Question 10

positive punishment

Answer 10

unfabourable events or outcomes are given in order to weaken the response that follows

Question 11

what is ABA?

Answer 11

• applied behaviour analysis
• most often used to treat children with autism, helps to improve social behaviour at home, school and in community

cycle:
- negative behaviour
- analysis and intervention
- monitoring
- continued intervention therapy

Question 12

behaviourism - extinction

Answer 12

conditional response fades in the lack of unconditional stimuli