6. Hormones, Metabolism & Stress

Question 1

Growth Hormone

What is the Anterior Pituitary Gland?

Answer 1

• Produces growth hormone stimulating other hormones to release (ie. converts glycogen to glucose for fuel and fats to fatty acid for fuel

Question 2

Growth Hormone

What does Growth Hormones stimulate other than the other hormones?

Answer 2

• Cell division
• Protein synthesis
• growth plates

Question 3

Growth Hormone

What can too much and too little growth hormone cause?

Answer 3

• Gigantism
• Dwarfism
• Acromegaly (too much)

Question 4

Metabolism

What hormones does the thyroid have?

Answer 4

Thyroxine & tryiodothyronine

Question 5

Metabolism

What does thyroxine do?

Answer 5

• If you have higher thyroxine, you have a higher metobolism and use more ATP
• If you have lower thyroxine levels, glucose does not break down as quick and extra blood sugar is turned into fats

Question 6

Metabolism

How is thyroxine regulated?

Negative Feedback loop

Answer 6

• lower levels of thyroxine trigger signals to the hypothalamus, releasing TRH (thyroid releasing hormone)
• This stimulates the pituitary, releasing TSH
• If there is high amount of thyroxine, pathway is turned off

Question 7

Hormones & Stress

What are Adrenal Glands?

Answer 7

• 2 Glands above kidney: Inner gland (adrenal medulla): eponepherine (adreneline) and norepinepherine (noradeneline)
• Outer gland (adrenal cortex): glucorticoids

Question 8

Hormones & Stress

What does epinepherine and norepinerphrine do?

Answer 8

• Release when you are stressed
• causes glycogen to convert to glucose causing blood sugar levels to rise
• Creates fight or flight response and fawn or freeze

Question 9

Hormones & Stress

What does glucorticoids do?

Answer 9

• help body meet stress demand

Question 10

Hormones & Stress

What is cortisol?

Answer 10

• increases break down of protein + fats
• Inhibits glucogen in liver
• Cortisol also breaks down fats into fatty acids for energy