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PSGY1003 Psychology > 6 Genetic Research > Flashcards

6 Genetic Research Flashcards

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1
Q

What is genetic research?

A

The study of heredity (how traits are passed through generations)

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2
Q

Genotype

A

Underlying biological make up

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3
Q

Phenotype

A

Observational traits

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4
Q

Where is DNA found?

A

In the nucleus of every cell of an organism

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5
Q

What is DNA made of?

A

Two nucleotides that coil around each other in a double helix

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6
Q

What does DNA contain?

A

The instructions for development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known biological organisms

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7
Q

Translation

A

Where strands of DNA are unzipped and read by RNA molecules to produce protein strands

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8
Q

Chromotids

A

Long strands of DNA usually tangled together

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9
Q

Condensation

A

When chromotids coil tight like a papering fo form a chromosome

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10
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have?

A

46 (23 pairs)

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11
Q

Which pairs are XX?

A

All pairs except from the last one which is XY for males

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12
Q

Genes

A

Individual sequences of DNA on chromosomes

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13
Q

Pleiotropic

A

When phenotype traits are programmed by a single gene

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14
Q

Polygenic

A

When phenotype traits are influenced by a combination of genes

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15
Q

Alleles

A

You receive one from each parent for each gene

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16
Q

Mendelian inheritance

A

When traits are determined by the two pairs of genes of the parents

17
Q

Laws of Mendelian inheritance

A
  1. Segregation- traits are either dominant or recessive

2. Independence- varieties of each trait sort independently of each other

18
Q

When do patterns not follow mendel’s law

A
  • X linked genes: some recessive traits are more prevalent in males
  • mutations: natural or environmentally triggered interference in cell division
  • polygenic traits: may not be consistent
19
Q

List genes, chromosomes, dna and genome in order from smallest to largest

A

DNA
Genes
Chromosomes
Genome

PSGY1003 Psychology (15 decks)

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