6 Embryology of CNS Flashcards
I. Dorsal Ventral organization a. ventral- Shh (sonic hedgehog) b. dorsal= BMP + Vitamin A II. Caudal-Rostral a. caudal= high retinoic acid b. III. Cortical Deep Organization First to last: Marginal (1), 6,5,4,3,2 Radial Glia IV. Neuron/ Glia Balance V. Molecular Signals BMP, noggin/chordin, Shh, TGF-B, RA, notch-1, numb, delta VI. Medical Conditions A. Spina Bifida i. occulta ii. meningocoele iii. myelomeningocoele B. Anencephaly C. Statins interrupt Shh may cause
cervical flexure
separates the mesencephalic vesicle from the rhombocephalon
cephalic flexure
a bend in the brainstem that separates the rhombencephalic vesicle from the rest of the brain stem
alar(wing) plate
grows up to form sensory fibers of the dorsal horn
dorsal-ventral organization
basal plate
grows up to form motor fibers of the ventral horn
neural crest cells
cells at the lip of the neural tube as it closes
neural crest cells: neuronal products (5)
- dorsal root ganglia
- sensory nerve fibers
- ganglia of cranial nerves
- autonomic ganglia
- adrenal medulla
neural crest cells: non-neural products (4)
- Schwann Cells
- Satellite Cells
- Leptomeninges
- Bones and Connective tissue of face
sulcus limitans
separates the basal motor plate from the alar sensory plate, part of how dorsal-ventral organization
brainstem: where are the basal and alar plates located
basal plates, Motor, Medial
alar plates, sensory, lateral
rhombocephalon
the medulla, pons, and cerebellum: the body’s life support system
telencephalic vesicle
lateral ventricles
diencephalic vesicle
third ventricle
mesencephalic vesicle
cerebral aqueduct
metencephalic and myencephalic vesicles
fourth ventricle
mantle zone
neuroblasts that form the inner-most layer of the brain, numb signaling
lateral inhibition
when developing neurons encourage (prevent) neighbors from also becoming neurons
(neuron-glia balance, delta-notch signaling)
marginal zone
neuroblasts that form the outer-most layer of the brain, notch signaling
spinal chord; marginal zone
white matter
spinal chord: mantle zone
grey matter
migration of cortical neurons: which layers migrate first?
From First to Last
1, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2
radial glia
glia that promote migration of neuroblasts during layering of the cortex
BMP
bone morphogenic factor, an anti-neuron signal
noggin and chordin
promote neuron formation by
blocking BMP
Shh
sonic hedgehog
ventral identity
dorso-ventral organization
