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Human-Computer Interaction > 6 - Development Life Cycles, Prototyping, and Task Analysis > Flashcards

6 - Development Life Cycles, Prototyping, and Task Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Sequential Development Life Cycle?

A

Project management system whereby each stage performs different functions and the result of one serves as the input to the next phase.

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2
Q

What is the waterfall model?

A

A project development model that is linear, meaning a new phase only begins when the previous one has ended

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3
Q

Name the steps of the ADDIE model.

A

Analysis > Design > Development > Implementation > Evaluation

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4
Q

Why is Evaluation important in the ADDIE model?

A

You evaluate after every stage and before you complete a cycle

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5
Q

What are the 2 overarching themes of the Double Diamond model?

A

Research and design

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6
Q

What are the 4 stages of the Double Diamond model?

A

Discover > Define > Develop > Deliver

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7
Q

What is the Agile model?

A

A software development approach based on iterative development

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8
Q

What is the product backlog in the agile model?

A

A prioritized wishlist created by the product owner

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8
Q

What is the product backlog in the agile model?

A

A prioritized wishlisr created by the product owner

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9
Q

What is sprint planning/ backlog in the agile model?

A

When the team pulls a chunk from the product backlog and decides how to implement those

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10
Q

What is a sprint in the agile model?

A

A specified time frame (usually 2-4 weeks) during which the team works on the sprint backlog

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11
Q

What is a daily scrum in the agile model?

A

Daily team meetings to assess progress during the sprint

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12
Q

What is a sprint review in the agile model?

A

When the team chooses a new chunk from the product backlog to work on and begin a new sprint

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13
Q

What is the role of the scrum master (agile model)?

A

Manage the scrum team

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14
Q

What is the role of the product owner (agile model)?

A

Bridge the gap between the users and the scrum team

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15
Q

Which model is riskier, waterfall or agile? Why?

A

Waterfall because you cannot return to a previous stage once it has been finalized

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16
Q

Which model is more receptive to changes, waterfall, ADDIE, or agile?

A

Agile

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17
Q

Is the waterfall model better for smaller or larger teams?

A

Smaller

18
Q

Is the waterfall model better for shorter or longer projects?

A

Shorter

19
Q

Is the agile model better for simple or complex projects?

A

Complex

20
Q

Is the agile model better for smaller or larger teams?

A

Larger

21
Q

Which model has more intensive finishes, waterfall or agile?

A

Waterfall. The agile model has intensive sprints but not intensive finishes.

22
Q

What is the (simplified) user-centered design cycle?

A

Need finding > design alternatives > prototyping > evaluation

23
Q

What is the goal of the need-finding stage of the user-centered design cycle?

A

To understand the users

24
Q

What are the different design alternatives for user-centered design?

A

Brainstorming, Persona, Storyboards

25
Q

What is the “brainstorming” design alternative?

A

You generate a lot of ideas, but once finalized have made no decisions

26
Q

What is the “persona” design alternative?

A

Create a fictional summary of user including goals, needs, wants and frustration

27
Q

What is the “storyboard” design alternative?

A

A storyboard that conveys a design decision, includes setting, sequence, and user satisfaction

28
Q

What is prototyping?

A

An experimental process where design teams implement ideas into tangible forms from paper to digital

29
Q

What is a low-fidelity prototype?

A

A prototype that covers some interaction but no aesthetic (quick and dirty)

30
Q

What is a mid-fidelity prototype?

A

Wireframes (all interactions but no aesthetics)

31
Q

What is a high-fidelity prototype?

A

A prototype that covers all interactions and aesthetics, gives users expectations of a products full functionality

32
Q

What is Wizard of Oz prototyping?

A

Prototyping method where the system’s behavior is replicated with a human

33
Q

What are the benefits of Wizard of Oz prototyping?

A

Can reduce time and money by testing functionalities that are not yet implemented

34
Q

What steps take you from sketches to software prototypes?

A

Sketches > wireframe > mockups > software prototype

35
Q

What are 2 tools that can be used to perform task analysis?

A

GOMS and Cognitive Task Analysis

36
Q

What does GOMS stand for?

A

Goals, Operators, Methods, Selection Rules

37
Q

Give examples of methods for information transmission.

A

Email, WhatsApp, conversation

38
Q

What is an advantage of GOMS?

A

Lets you formally assess the efficiency of the interface (how long does it take to perform a task, how many steps the user has to take) –> Lets you rationalize design choice

39
Q

What is GOMS lacking?

A

Cognition, because it assumes humans are input/ output machines

40
Q

What is the goal of Cognitive Task Analysis?

A

Analyzing and understanding the cognitive processes needed to perform a task

41
Q

What are the steps in a CTA?

A
  1. Collect primary knowledge (observe people while they perform the task)
  2. Identify knowledge representations (what the users need to perform the task)
  3. Apply focused knowledge elicitation methods (populate knowledge representations)
  4. Analyze and verify the data acquired
  5. Format results for the intended application (design interfaces based on analysis)
42
Q

What are the advantages of CTA?

A

It’s less formal but good enough to design interfaces, considers cognitive aspects of a task

43
Q

What are the disadvantages of CTA?

A

Requires interdisciplinary collaboration, it’s time consuming

Human-Computer Interaction (11 decks)

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