6- Cognition Flashcards
How can understanding cognition help us?
- Provides us with knowledge about what users can and cannot be expected to do.
- Helps us identify and explain the nature and causes of problems that users encounter.
- Provides theories and tools that can lead to the design of better interactive products.
What are the two models of thought? Which one is used more?
System 1: Fast, instinctive, and emotional.
System 2: Slower, more deliberate and more logical.
We use system 1 a lot more than system 2. So for the majority of the time “Auto-pilot” orients our choices.
What causes cognitive fluency?
- Repetitive experience/familiarity.
- Good mood.
- Priming effect.
What is the priming effect?
When exposure to a stimulus influences behavior in subsequent, possibly unrelated tasks.
Alt answer: When one stimulus/information influences the response to another stimulus.
Map the definition with the appropriate concept:
- People can recognize objects even when there are parts of them missing. Our brain matches what we see with familiar patterns stored in our memory and fills in the gaps.
- People will often interpret ambiguous objects in more than one way. Our brain will bounce back between the alternatives, seeking certainty. As a result, one view will become more dominant and the other gets harder to see.
- People can recognize simple objects independently of their rotation and scale. Our brain can perceive objects from different perspectives, despite their different appearance.
- People can identify elements first in their general outline form, seeing the whole before the parts. Our brain can create complex pictures from simple patterns and we can recognize a simple object quicker than a complex one.
- People can recognize objects even when there are parts of them missing. Our brain matches what we see with familiar patterns stored in our memory and fills in the gaps. (REIFICATION)
- People will often interpret ambiguous objects in more than one way. Our brain will bounce back between the alternatives, seeking certainty. As a result, one view will become more dominant and the other gets harder to see. (MULTI-STABILITY)
- People can recognize simple objects independently of their rotation and scale. Our brain can perceive objects from different perspectives, despite their different appearance. (INVARIANCE)
- People can identify elements first in their general outline form, seeing the whole before the parts. Our brain can create complex pictures from simple patterns and we can recognize a simple object quicker than a complex one. (EMERGENCE)
Why do netflix/audiobooks and cooking go well together?
We can do recurring tasks automatically, but cannot multitask two demanding tasks.
“We tend to experience things as regular, orderly, symmetrical and simple” Whats this law?
Law of Pragnanz/Good figure/Law of simplicity
“When an individual perceives an assortment of objects. They perceive objects that are close to each other as forming a group” Whats this law?
Law of proximity.
“When objects are located within the same closed region, we perceive them as being grouped together”. Whats this law?
Principle of common regions.
“Elements within an assortment of objects are perceptually grouped together if they are similar to each other”. Whats this law?
Law of similarity.
“Humans tend to perceive objects as complete rather than focusing on the gaps that the object might contain”. Whats this law?
Law of closure
“Objects are perceived as lines that move along the smoothest path”
Law of common fate
“Under some circumstances visual stimuli are categorized according to past experience”
Law of past experience.
“Whatever stands out visually will capture and hold the viewer’s attention first”
Principle of focal point.
