6 - Body Volume Disturbances Flashcards
effects of ATII and aldosterone on kidneys
ATII: stim Na/H exchange in PT
aldosterone: stim reabs of Na / excretion of K in DT and CD, also stim H ATPase in late DT and CD
mechanism for diuretic effect of xanthines (caffeine, theophylline)
inc RBF
how do diuretics get where they need to be?
secreted into tubule lumen in PT > can get to active sites on luminal side of tubules throughout nephron
main competitive inhibitor to diuretics
uric acid
target of loop diuretics
Na/K/2Cl cotransporter in ascending limb of LoH
where do thiazide diuretics act?
NaCl transporter in DCT
lab findings in hypovolemic pt
elevated BUN/CR ratio
dec urine Na
dec FeNa
hemoconcentration
starling law
determines volume transfer in capillaries
permeability * SA (dP-dOncoticP)
causes of edema / volume overload
inc venous pressure hypoalbuminemia inc cap permeability (burns, ARDS, malnutrition, idiopathic) lymphatic obstruction renal Na retention