1 - Review of Physiology

Question 1

what size of molecule is freely filtered by glomerulus?

Answer 1

MW < 5,500

Question 2

major determinant for filtration in molecules >5,500 Da?

Answer 2

charge - negative charge on filtration surface favors positive molecules

Question 3

effects of water vs Na on volume/osmolarity

Answer 3

water - big change in osmolarity, small change in ECF volume

Na - change in ECF volume, minimal change in osmolarity

Question 4

clearance formula

Answer 4

Ux*V / Px

Question 5

about how much creatinine is made in a day?

Answer 5

1 g

Question 6

why is creatinine clearance not a perfect measure of GFR?

Answer 6

creatinine is secreted

Question 7

gold standard for GFR measurement

Answer 7

inulin clearance

Question 8

hormones regulating phosphorus balance

Answer 8

PTH - inc excretion, downregulates apical transporter expression
1,25 dihydroxy vit D - inc reabsorption

Question 9

4 factors affecting Ca reabsorption

Answer 9

Na - Ca reabsorption follows Na reabsorption
PTH - inc reabs
vit D - inc reabs
loop diuretics - dec reabs

Question 10

to treat metabolic alkalosis, what parameter must you be sure to correct first?

Answer 10

volume status - won’t correct if they are volume depleted