6 AOP Transportation Flashcards
Trip generation
the number of trips that a particular site is likely to generate
Origin-Destination Survey
to determine trip generation. An Origin-Destination Survey will set up roadblocks along major routes
Cross tabulation models
They allow for estimates of trip generation rates based on land use type, purpose, or socioeconomic characteristics
typical trip generation general office space
10 daily trip ends for every 1,000 square feet of general office space
typical trip generation single family residential dwelling
9 daily trip ends per single family residential dwelling
typical trip generation per apartment unit
7 daily trip ends per apartment unit
typical trip generation of shopping center space
38 daily trip ends per 1,000 square feet of shopping center space
typical trip generation of light industrial development
5 daily trip ends per 1,000 square feet of light industrial development
Trip distribution
Trip distribution examines where people are going
The gravity model
The gravity model can be used to provide trip estimates based on the proportional attractiveness of the zone (the “gravitational pull”) and inversely proportional to the trip length.
Modal split
how people get to where they want to go, and the form of transportation that they use.
AADT
(Average Annual Daily Traffic) is the amount of traffic on a roadway in a 24 hour period, averaged over a year;
Peak Hour Volume
Peak Hour Volume equals the hourly traffic during the peak period;
- Seasonal Hour Volume
- Seasonal Hour Volume is the peak hour volume during different seasons;
- Design Hour Volume (DHV)
- Design Hour Volume (DHV) is the capacity of the roadway to handle traffic.
Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT
Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) is a measure of vehicular mobility obtained from travel inventories
Road design
Road design focuses on everything from the nature of street hierarchy to design guidelines for local streets
Levels of Service (LOS) range
Levels of Service (LOS) range from A to F. An LOS of A means there is free-flowing traffic and F means heavy traffic congestion with severely reduced traffic speeds.
In 1944 the Federal-Aid Highway Act was passed
designating 65,000 km of interstate highways
The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1962
The Act called for a “continuing, comprehensive, and cooperative” (3 Cs) planning process.
The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA)
transit, pedestrian, and bicycle facilities
Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs
The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1962 required that urbanized areas with populations of 50,000 or more develop comprehensive urban transportation plans in order to receive federal financial assistance for road construction projects
The Federal Highway Administration’s urban transportation planning regulations requires for areas with a population exceeding 200,000?
Regional transportation plan, a Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), and a unified planning work program
Transportation Demand Management
Transportation Demand Management (TDM) is a general term used to describe strategies for the efficient use of transportation.
Car Sharing
allows individuals to purchase a membership to a car service. Cars are located at fixed locations throughout a city and a member calls to schedule a time to use one. This allows individuals to pay only as they use the vehicle
Flextime
allows employees to work at different times beyond the regular 8 to 5 workday. Individuals can choose to work a four-day workweek, come in earlier, or stay later. Flextime reduces congestion on roadways during peak commute times.
Guaranteed Ride Home
Home provides commuters who regularly carpool or use transit with a reliable ride home if an emergency arises
Public transit
includes buses, light rail, heavy rail, and streetcars and trolleys
Park-and-Ride
allows commuters to go from their home to a designated parking lot, where they then can either ride public transit or participate in a carpool.
