3 Plan Making Flashcards
What is visioning?
Visioning is a process whereby citizens attend a series of meetings that provide the opportunity for them to offer input on how the community could be in the future. Planners use visioning processes to help citizens develop a conception of the future. Its focus is on what the community wants to be rather than looking at existing conditions.
Disadvantages of Visioning
Cost-intensive
Creates unrealistic expectations the government can’t fulfill
Dependent on facilitator
Advantages of Visioning
Builds excitement about the planning process
Builds momentum for implementation
Builds consensus (catalyst to bring residents together & inspired to get involved)
Keeps process on track
Ingredients of a Vision Statement
Positive present tense language
Identify uniqueness
Emphasize diversity of the region
Include high standards
Include time period
Mention people and quality of life
What is an
EIS?
Environmental Impact Statement is required under NEPA for federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment. If the environmental assessment determines that there is a significant impact, then an environmental impact statement is required.
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969(NEPA)
The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) resulted in the creation of the Council on Environmental Quality. The Act requires that the environmental impacts of a project be considered.(ONLY IF it involves federal funding, work performed by the federal government, or permits issued by fed agency)
Types of Local Government
General purpose: counties, cities, townships, etc.
Special purpose: school districts, fire districts, etc.
Special district: independent unit of local government created by referendums to perform gov’t functions in specific geographic areas, power to incur debt & levy taxes.
Area wide planning organizations: provide grants & planning assistance.
Regional planning agency: develop regional plans and review regional impacts, usually not transferred local government powers.
Fiscal Impact Analysis
Used to analyze potential change on land use, a development, or implementation of a plan.
Measures $ / revenue flowing into the public sector.
EXAMPLES: city’s property tax rate, average cost of educating a child in the local school system. NOT historic trends.
EIS addresses these 5 topics
1- The environmental impact of the proposed action
2- Any unavoidable impacts
3- The range of alternatives to the proposed action
4- The impact of the alternatives
5- Any irreversible commitment of resources involved in proposed actions
Preemption
When a local government’s powers are lessened by a federal government authority.
Example: Fair Housing Act of 1968- preempted discriminatory local laws
Growing Smart Legislative Guidebook
Provides state & local governments with tools for better growth.
An effort to draft the next gen of model planning & zoning legisl for the US
Difference between sustainability and resiliency
Sustainability is the ability to continue important functions indefinitely without a decline in quality.Resilience is the ability to thrive in the face of change
3 parts of comp planning process
& how long do comp plans last for (time period)
Designing the process
Developing the plan
Implementing the plan
20 years on average
What are the three phases in the second part of the comprehensive planning process (developing the plan)
Identify values, conditions, issues for future
Articulate future vision/goals
Pick preferred scenario, develop implementation plan
Scoping
Gathering information to establish the breadth, or scope, of a project.
Includes establishing project objectives, deliverables, and exclusions.
Scope creep
An incremental expansion of the project scope that can negatively affect the outcome of a project
“Satisficing”
Satisficing is a decision-making strategy that aims for a satisfactory or adequate result, rather than the optimal solution
4 Steps of Visioning Process
Step 1: Community Brainstorming and Suggestions;
Step 2: Establishing Goals, Developing a Vision;
Step 3: Bringing Commitment to the Vision; and
Step 4: Implementing the Vision.
APA considers the initial steps in the Plan Making process to be:
- Identify Issues and Options
- State Goals, Objectives and Priorities
- Collect and Interpret Data
- Prepare Plans
- Draft Programs for Plan Implementation
- Evaluate Impacts of Plans and Implementation Programs
- Review and Adopt Plans
- Review and Adopt Implementation Programs
- Administer Implementation Programs
