6: Antibiotics Flashcards
What is an antibiotic?
A drug used to treat infection caused by micro-organisms
What is a bacteriostatic antibiotic?
Inhibits the growth of bacteria
What is a bacteriocidal antibiotic?
Kills bacteria :)
Antibiotics are either ___ spectrum or ___ spectrum.
broad , narrow
Antibiotics are not a substitute for a functional ___ system.
immune
The best antibiotics are those which are selectively or minimally ___ to the host.
toxic
Name two structures within pathogens which may be targeted by antibiotics.
Cell wall
Ribosomes
Name an essential process which may be targeted by antibiotics.
DNA replication
Which antibiotics target the cell walls of bacteria?
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Glycopeptide antibiotics (vancomycin)
Carbapenems
Penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems are also known as _-___ antibiotics.
ß-lactam
Name some commonly prescribed
a) narrow spectrum
b) broad spectrum
penicillins and the types of bacteria they target.
Penicillin
Flucloxacillin
Amoxicillin
Co-amoxiclav
Glycopeptide antibiotics (are / aren’t) ß-lactams.
aren’t
Name a glycopeptide antibiotic commonly prescribed to act on bacterial cell walls.
Vancomycin
Which Gram class of bacteria do amoxicillin and co-amoxiclav work on?
Both Gram positive and negative
Which Gram class of bacteria does flucloxacillin act on?
Gram positives only
Staphylococci and Streptococci
Some patients are ___ to the penicillins.
allergic
see sheets for categories of antibiotic
