1: The nature of infection Flashcards
___ is one of the world’s leading causes of death.
Infection
Name four classes of infectious agent.
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Protozoa
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria
Archaea ⇒ Eukaryotes
Which life forms are found within the eukaryotes?
Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protozoa
Which rigid molecule is a major components of cell walls?
Peptidoglycan
Gram positive cells tend to have (thick / thin) peptidoglycan cell walls.
thick
Gram negative cells tend to have (thick / thin) peptidoglycan cell walls.
thin
a) Thick peptidoglycan cell wall
b) Thin peptidoglycan cell wall
Match these descriptions to Gram positive and Gram negative cells.
Gram positive cells have thick PG walls
Gram negative cells have thin PG walls
Which drug targets the peptidoglycan found in cell walls?
Penicillin
Which molecule is found on the cell wall of Gram negative cells?
Lipopolysaccharide
Lipopolysaccharide is found on the surface of Gram (positive / negative) cell walls.
Gram negative
Because of its distinct structure and position on the cell wall of Gram negative cells, LPS acts as an ___.
antigen
In which gram classification of cell are fimbriae found?
Gram positive
In which gram classification of cell are pili found?
Gram negative
Flagella are found on both gram negative and positive cells. What is their function?
Locomotion (movement)
What are the function of fimbriae and pili?
On which gram cell classification is each found?
Adherence and sex
Fimbriae ⇒ Gram +ve
Pili ⇒ Gram -ve
Each stage of the central dogma in prokaryotes is a potential target for ___.
antibiotics
What molecule causes the rupture of plasma membrane (think back to Higher Biology)?
Ethanol
Which drug targets the peptidoglycan found in prokaryotic cell walls?
Penicillin
Which class of prokaryotes live at body temperature?
Mesophiles
Which pH range do prokaryotes like?
6.8 - 7.2
A pH range of 6.8 - 7.2, optimum for prokaryotes, is generated by which kind of bacteria found within the body?
Commensal bacteria
What do prokaryotes need to survive?
Food
Temperature
pH 6.8 - 7.2
?Oxygen
What name is given to a complex colony of prokaryotes?
Biofilm
