6 Flashcards
What does the term ‘Goitre’ refer to?
An enlargement of the thyroid gland, often due to iodine deficiency.
Iodine is essential for thyroid function, and sources include dairy, tuna, and eggs.
What is the condition characterized by insufficient hemoglobin in red blood cells?
Anemia
Symptoms include fatigue, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, and rapid heartbeat.
What vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?
Vitamin C
Symptoms of scurvy include damaged gums, nosebleeds, sunken eyes, tooth loss, and nail loss.
What condition is caused by a deficiency in Vitamin D?
Rickets
Symptoms include injury-prone bones, dental issues, bone pain, and muscle weakness.
What is kwashiorkor?
A condition resulting from protein deficiency.
Symptoms include a small frame, weakness, underdeveloped muscles, lethargy, and a swollen stomach.
What is the primary function of saliva in digestion?
To contain enzymes like salivary amylase that break down starch into maltose.
Saliva also aids in moistening food for swallowing.
What is peristalsis?
A muscular squeeze that moves food down the digestive system.
It is a key mechanism in the digestive process.
What role does hydrochloric acid play in digestion?
It kills pathogens and aids in the breakdown of food.
Hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach.
Fill in the blank: The flap that changes between the trachea and esophagus when eating is called the _______.
epiglottis
What are the two main types of digestion?
Mechanical and chemical digestion.
Mechanical digestion involves physical breakdown, while chemical digestion involves enzymatic reactions.
What happens during ingestion?
Teeth break food down into swallowable molecules and stimulate saliva excretion.
This process is crucial for the initial stages of digestion.
What does the term ‘Goitre’ refer to?
An enlargement of the thyroid gland, often due to iodine deficiency.
Iodine is essential for thyroid function, and sources include dairy, tuna, and eggs.
What is the condition characterized by insufficient hemoglobin in red blood cells?
Anemia
Symptoms include fatigue, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, and rapid heartbeat.
What vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?
Vitamin C
Symptoms of scurvy include damaged gums, nosebleeds, sunken eyes, tooth loss, and nail loss.
What condition is caused by a deficiency in Vitamin D?
Rickets
Symptoms include injury-prone bones, dental issues, bone pain, and muscle weakness.
What is kwashiorkor?
A condition resulting from protein deficiency.
Symptoms include a small frame, weakness, underdeveloped muscles, lethargy, and a swollen stomach.
What is the primary function of saliva in digestion?
To contain enzymes like salivary amylase that break down starch into maltose.
Saliva also aids in moistening food for swallowing.
What is peristalsis?
A muscular squeeze that moves food down the digestive system.
It is a key mechanism in the digestive process.
What role does hydrochloric acid play in digestion?
It kills pathogens and aids in the breakdown of food.
Hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach.
Fill in the blank: The flap that changes between the trachea and esophagus when eating is called the _______.
epiglottis
What are the two main types of digestion?
Mechanical and chemical digestion.
Mechanical digestion involves physical breakdown, while chemical digestion involves enzymatic reactions.
What happens during ingestion?
Teeth break food down into swallowable molecules and stimulate saliva excretion.
This process is crucial for the initial stages of digestion.
