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Anatomy Compiled > 5.5 Histology of the Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

5.5 Histology of the Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Surface epithelium of ovaries

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium aka germinal epithelium

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2
Q

Responsible for whitish color of the ovary

A

Tunica albuginea

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3
Q

Tunica albuginea is composed of _______ connective tissue

A

Dense connective tissue

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4
Q

Ovarian parenchyma has two layers namely

A

Cortex and medulla

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5
Q

Part of the ovarian parenchyma that contains highly cellular CT and ovarian follicles

A

Cortex

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6
Q

Part of the ovarian parenchyma that contains loose CT and blood vessels

A

Medulla

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7
Q

Correct order of follicular growth and development phases

A

Primordial - unilaminar primary - multi laminar primary - secondary / antral - mature/ graafian - ovulation

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8
Q

In the beginning of puberty, pituitary gland releases which hormone

A

FSH

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9
Q

The primordial follicle contains chromosomes in which meiosis stage

A

First meiotic prophase

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10
Q

Follicular Stage which form simple cuboidal epithelium around the primary oocyte

A

Unilaminar primary follicle

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11
Q

Follicular stage where granulosa cells are first formed

A

Multilaminar primary follicle

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12
Q

Epithelium of multilaminar primary follicle

A

Stratified cuboidal

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13
Q

Follicular stage characterized by complete zona pellucida

A

Multilaminar primary follicle

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14
Q

ZP1-ZP4 functions to

A

Binding proteins on sperm surface to induce acrosomal activation

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15
Q

Follicular stage characterized by accumulation of follicular fluid or liquor folliculi

A

Antral follicle

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16
Q

Vascularized endocrine tissue that secretes androstenedione

A

Theca interna

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17
Q

Cells that aromatize the steroid into estradiol

A

Theca cells

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18
Q

Thecal layer with smooth muscle and fibroblasts

A

Theca externa

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19
Q

Most developed stage of follicular growth

A

Graafian

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20
Q

Part of graafian follicle that protrudes into the antrum

A

Corpus oophorus

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21
Q

Accompanies the oocyte when it leaves the ovary

A

Corpus radiata

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22
Q

Phase where in Antrum increases in size and accumulates follicular fluid rapidly

A

Graafian

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23
Q

Graafian follicle develops from a primordial follicle in over a period of ____ days

A

90 days

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24
Q

Graafian follicle has ______ granulosa layer and _____ thecal layer

A

Thinner granulosa layer, thick thecal layers

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25
Q

How many chromosomes are there in a primary oocyte?

A

46 or 23 pairs, diploid cell

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26
Q

How many chromosomes are there in a secondary oocyte?

A

23, haploid

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27
Q

Primary follicles that do not mature undergo what process

A

Atresia - degeneration of ovarian follicles that do not ovulate during menstrual cycle

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28
Q

Primary oocytes are arrested at what stage

A

Prophase I

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29
Q

Secondary oocytes are arrested at what stage

A

Metaphase II

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30
Q

Final viable product of oogenesis

A

Ovum (haploid)

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31
Q

Before birth primordial germ cells differentiate into

A

Oogonium

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32
Q

Lining ep. of fallopian tube

A

Simple columnar ciliated ep

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33
Q

Most common site of ectopic pregnancy in fallopian tubes

A

Ampulla

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34
Q

Most common site of RUPTURED ectopic pregnancy in fallopian tubes

A

Isthmus

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35
Q

Addt’l innermost longitudinal layer of muscularis of fallopian tubes

A

Intramural

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36
Q

Mucosa of fallopian tubes is most prominent in which part

A

Ampulla

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37
Q

Muscularis layer of fallopian tube is thicker in ehich part

38
Q

Epithelial lining of mucosal layer of fallopian tube

A

Simple columnar ep

39
Q

Cells that help transport oocyte to uterus

A

Ciliated cells

40
Q

Produces nutritive fluid covering of epithelium

41
Q

Function of peg cells

A

Produces nutritive fluid covering of epithelium

42
Q

In the luteal phase, there is accumulation of

43
Q

Corpus luteum of menstruation is programmed to secrete

A

Progesterone for 10-12 days

44
Q

Difference bet corpus luteum in menstruation and pregnancy

A

Bigger size of corpus luteum of pregnancy

45
Q

Makes up most of corpus luteum (85%)

A

Granulosa lutein cells

46
Q

Granulosa lutein cells secrete _________ from androstenedione and secrete _________

A

Estradiol and progesterone

47
Q

From theca interna

A

Theca lutein cells

48
Q

Theca lutein cells secrete

A

Progesterone and androstenedione

49
Q

If pregnancy does not occur, corpus luteum will degenerate to form

A

Corpus albicans - scar tissue from ovarian follicle

50
Q

Corpus albicans is composed of

A

Collagen with few fibroblasts

51
Q

Advanced atresia is characterized by

A

Glassy membrane - thickening of basement membrane bet. Theca interna and granulosa cells

52
Q

Follicular atresia is most prominent at

A

Just after birth

53
Q

Atretic follicles are replaced by

A

Corpus fibrosum

54
Q

Termination of uterus

55
Q

Outer CT layer of uterus

A

Perimetrium - laregly serosa, some adventitia, continuous with ligaments

56
Q

Thickest tunic of uterus

A

Myometrium - highly vascular : stratum vasculare - 4 woven but poorly defined layers

57
Q

Layers of myometrium parallel to long axis of uterus

A

1st and 4th layers

58
Q

Myometrium layers that have circular width with large bld v

A

Middle layers

59
Q

Epithelial lining of endometrium layer of the uterus

A

Simple columnar ep with alternating secretory cells (forms uterine glands) and ciliary cells

60
Q

Stroma of the Endometrium contains

A

Type III collagen, abundant fibroblast

61
Q

Straight a.

A

Basal layer

62
Q

Spiral a.

A

Functional layer

63
Q

Functional layer changes depending on what hormone

64
Q

Phase in menstrual cycle characterized by increased estrogen

A

Proliferative phase

65
Q

Proliferative phase has uterine glands that are

66
Q

Secretory phase has uterine glands that are

A

Highly coiled

67
Q

Phase in menstrual cycle characterized by increased progesterone and glycogen

A

Secretory or luteal

68
Q

Phase with maximum endometrium thickness

A

Luteal secretory phase

69
Q

Menstrual phase is characterized by decrease in

A

Progesterone and estrogen

70
Q

Endocervix lining

A

Mucus secreting simple columnar ep

71
Q

Ep lining of exocervix

A

Stratified non keratinized squamous ep

72
Q

Most susceptible to cancer ca, dysplacia

A

Transformation zone

73
Q

Pinkish orange cytoplasm in cervical smear

A

Surface cells

74
Q

Blue green cytoplasm in cervical smear

A

Subsurface cells

75
Q

Epithelium of vagina

A

Stratified squamous

76
Q

Vagina is covered by

A

Adventitia

77
Q

Causes low ph in vagina

A

Lactic acid from glycogen

78
Q

Forms the future placenta

A

Deciduas basalis and trophoblast

79
Q

Decidua lining rest of uterus

A

Decidua parietalis

80
Q

Decidua overlying embryo

A

Decidua capsularis

81
Q

Stage of chorionic villus that appears 15th day after implantation

A

Secondary villus

82
Q

Stage of chorionic villus that appears 2nd day after implantation

A

Primary villus

83
Q

Stage of chorionic villus with proliferating cytotrophoblast and synctiotrophoblast

A

Primary villus

84
Q

Stage of chorionic villus where there is mesenchyme tissue invasion by fetal artery

A

Tertiary villus

85
Q

Premature placenta layer

A

Cytotrophoblast

86
Q

Outer layer of premature placenta

A

Synctiotrophoblast

87
Q

Mature placenta is distinguished by

A

Synctial knots : aggregation of synctiotrophoblasts

88
Q

Embryo is surrounded by

A

Extraembryonic coelom

89
Q

The fetus is surrounded by

A

Amniotic cavity

90
Q

Umbilical cord is composed of

A

2 umbilical arteries and 1 umbilical vein

91
Q

Umbilical cord consists of mainly mucous CT named

A

Wharton’s Jelly

Anatomy Compiled (24 decks)

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