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Anatomy Compiled > 5.5 Histology of the Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

5.5 Histology of the Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Surface epithelium of ovaries

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium aka germinal epithelium

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2
Q

Responsible for whitish color of the ovary

A

Tunica albuginea

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3
Q

Tunica albuginea is composed of _______ connective tissue

A

Dense connective tissue

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4
Q

Ovarian parenchyma has two layers namely

A

Cortex and medulla

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5
Q

Part of the ovarian parenchyma that contains highly cellular CT and ovarian follicles

A

Cortex

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6
Q

Part of the ovarian parenchyma that contains loose CT and blood vessels

A

Medulla

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7
Q

Correct order of follicular growth and development phases

A

Primordial - unilaminar primary - multi laminar primary - secondary / antral - mature/ graafian - ovulation

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8
Q

In the beginning of puberty, pituitary gland releases which hormone

A

FSH

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9
Q

The primordial follicle contains chromosomes in which meiosis stage

A

First meiotic prophase

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10
Q

Follicular Stage which form simple cuboidal epithelium around the primary oocyte

A

Unilaminar primary follicle

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11
Q

Follicular stage where granulosa cells are first formed

A

Multilaminar primary follicle

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12
Q

Epithelium of multilaminar primary follicle

A

Stratified cuboidal

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13
Q

Follicular stage characterized by complete zona pellucida

A

Multilaminar primary follicle

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14
Q

ZP1-ZP4 functions to

A

Binding proteins on sperm surface to induce acrosomal activation

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15
Q

Follicular stage characterized by accumulation of follicular fluid or liquor folliculi

A

Antral follicle

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16
Q

Vascularized endocrine tissue that secretes androstenedione

A

Theca interna

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17
Q

Cells that aromatize the steroid into estradiol

A

Theca cells

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18
Q

Thecal layer with smooth muscle and fibroblasts

A

Theca externa

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19
Q

Most developed stage of follicular growth

A

Graafian

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20
Q

Part of graafian follicle that protrudes into the antrum

A

Corpus oophorus

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21
Q

Accompanies the oocyte when it leaves the ovary

A

Corpus radiata

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22
Q

Phase where in Antrum increases in size and accumulates follicular fluid rapidly

A

Graafian

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23
Q

Graafian follicle develops from a primordial follicle in over a period of ____ days

A

90 days

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24
Q

Graafian follicle has ______ granulosa layer and _____ thecal layer

A

Thinner granulosa layer, thick thecal layers

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25
How many chromosomes are there in a primary oocyte?
46 or 23 pairs, diploid cell
26
How many chromosomes are there in a secondary oocyte?
23, haploid
27
Primary follicles that do not mature undergo what process
Atresia - degeneration of ovarian follicles that do not ovulate during menstrual cycle
28
Primary oocytes are arrested at what stage
Prophase I
29
Secondary oocytes are arrested at what stage
Metaphase II
30
Final viable product of oogenesis
Ovum (haploid)
31
Before birth primordial germ cells differentiate into
Oogonium
32
Lining ep. of fallopian tube
Simple columnar ciliated ep
33
Most common site of ectopic pregnancy in fallopian tubes
Ampulla
34
Most common site of RUPTURED ectopic pregnancy in fallopian tubes
Isthmus
35
Addt'l innermost longitudinal layer of muscularis of fallopian tubes
Intramural
36
Mucosa of fallopian tubes is most prominent in which part
Ampulla
37
Muscularis layer of fallopian tube is thicker in ehich part
Isthmus
38
Epithelial lining of mucosal layer of fallopian tube
Simple columnar ep
39
Cells that help transport oocyte to uterus
Ciliated cells
40
Produces nutritive fluid covering of epithelium
Peg cells
41
Function of peg cells
Produces nutritive fluid covering of epithelium
42
In the luteal phase, there is accumulation of
Glycogen
43
Corpus luteum of menstruation is programmed to secrete
Progesterone for 10-12 days
44
Difference bet corpus luteum in menstruation and pregnancy
Bigger size of corpus luteum of pregnancy
45
Makes up most of corpus luteum (85%)
Granulosa lutein cells
46
Granulosa lutein cells secrete _________ from androstenedione and secrete _________
Estradiol and progesterone
47
From theca interna
Theca lutein cells
48
Theca lutein cells secrete
Progesterone and androstenedione
49
If pregnancy does not occur, corpus luteum will degenerate to form
Corpus albicans - scar tissue from ovarian follicle
50
Corpus albicans is composed of
Collagen with few fibroblasts
51
Advanced atresia is characterized by
Glassy membrane - thickening of basement membrane bet. Theca interna and granulosa cells
52
Follicular atresia is most prominent at
Just after birth
53
Atretic follicles are replaced by
Corpus fibrosum
54
Termination of uterus
Cervix
55
Outer CT layer of uterus
Perimetrium - laregly serosa, some adventitia, continuous with ligaments
56
Thickest tunic of uterus
Myometrium - highly vascular : stratum vasculare - 4 woven but poorly defined layers
57
Layers of myometrium parallel to long axis of uterus
1st and 4th layers
58
Myometrium layers that have circular width with large bld v
Middle layers
59
Epithelial lining of endometrium layer of the uterus
Simple columnar ep with alternating secretory cells (forms uterine glands) and ciliary cells
60
Stroma of the Endometrium contains
Type III collagen, abundant fibroblast
61
Straight a.
Basal layer
62
Spiral a.
Functional layer
63
Functional layer changes depending on what hormone
Estrogen
64
Phase in menstrual cycle characterized by increased estrogen
Proliferative phase
65
Proliferative phase has uterine glands that are
Straight
66
Secretory phase has uterine glands that are
Highly coiled
67
Phase in menstrual cycle characterized by increased progesterone and glycogen
Secretory or luteal
68
Phase with maximum endometrium thickness
Luteal secretory phase
69
Menstrual phase is characterized by decrease in
Progesterone and estrogen
70
Endocervix lining
Mucus secreting simple columnar ep
71
Ep lining of exocervix
Stratified non keratinized squamous ep
72
Most susceptible to cancer ca, dysplacia
Transformation zone
73
Pinkish orange cytoplasm in cervical smear
Surface cells
74
Blue green cytoplasm in cervical smear
Subsurface cells
75
Epithelium of vagina
Stratified squamous
76
Vagina is covered by
Adventitia
77
Causes low ph in vagina
Lactic acid from glycogen
78
Forms the future placenta
Deciduas basalis and trophoblast
79
Decidua lining rest of uterus
Decidua parietalis
80
Decidua overlying embryo
Decidua capsularis
81
Stage of chorionic villus that appears 15th day after implantation
Secondary villus
82
Stage of chorionic villus that appears 2nd day after implantation
Primary villus
83
Stage of chorionic villus with proliferating cytotrophoblast and synctiotrophoblast
Primary villus
84
Stage of chorionic villus where there is mesenchyme tissue invasion by fetal artery
Tertiary villus
85
Premature placenta layer
Cytotrophoblast
86
Outer layer of premature placenta
Synctiotrophoblast
87
Mature placenta is distinguished by
Synctial knots : aggregation of synctiotrophoblasts
88
Embryo is surrounded by
Extraembryonic coelom
89
The fetus is surrounded by
Amniotic cavity
90
Umbilical cord is composed of
2 umbilical arteries and 1 umbilical vein
91
Umbilical cord consists of mainly mucous CT named
Wharton's Jelly

Anatomy Compiled (24 decks)

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