Acid Base

Question 1

Changes to blood pH affects proteins by what mechanism?

A. Salting out of proteins
B. Changing the secondary structure
C. Preventing formation of tertiary structure
D. By preventing primary structure from forming

Answer 1

B. By changing secondary structure ( increased [H] disrupts hydrogen bonds)

Question 2

Outline the pH of venous blood, arterial blood, and intracellular fluid

Answer 2

Venous: 7.35
Arterial: 7.45
ICF: 7.0

Question 3

Of venous blood, arterial blood, and ICF, which is used to measure acidosis/alkalosis?

Answer 3

Arterial blood

Question 4

Which of the following systems acts in seconds to restore hydrogen ion balance?

A. Respiratory
B. Renal
C. Subcellular chemical reactions

Answer 4

C. Subcellular chemical reactions

Question 5

Which of the following systems acts in hours to days to restore hydrogen ion balance?

A. Respiratory
B. Renal
C. Subcellular chemical reactions

Answer 5

B. Renal

Question 6

Which of the following systems acts in minutes to restore hydrogen ion balance?

A. Respiratory
B. Renal
C. Subcellular chemical reactions

Answer 6

A. Respiratory

Question 7

Compounds that release H+ ions.

A. Base
B. Acid

Answer 7

B. Acid

Question 8

This is an acid excreted by the lungs, usually carbon dioxide.

A. fixed acid
B. volatile acid

Answer 8

B. volatile acid

Question 9

Compounds that accept H+ ions.

A. Base
B. Acid

Answer 9

A. Base

Question 10

This is an acid excreted by the kidneys, usually sulfuric acids, phosphoric acids, ketones, salicylates.

A. fixed acid
B. volatile acid

Answer 10

A. fixed acid

Question 11

What are the three major systems regulating the body’s [H]?

Answer 11

• acid-base buffer system (cellular)
• respiratory center
• kidneys

Question 12

Of the three major body systems regulating [H], the cellular buffer system can be broken down into what components?

Answer 12

• bicarbonate (most impt. ECF buffer)
• phosphate
• proteins