Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 1407 > 54-species Interactions > Flashcards

54-species Interactions Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Species interactions

A

Can be…

  • beneficial (+)
  • detrimental (-)
  • have no effect (0)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Interspecific interactions

A

Interactions between individuals of different species

  • predation
  • competition
  • positive interactions
  • Amensalisms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Trophic/nontrophic

A

Involves feeding/doesn’t involve feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Predation

A
  • one species (predator) eats another (prey)
  • (+,-)
  • trophic
  • 3 versions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Carnivory

A
  • animal eats animal (prey dies)
  • leads to predator strategies…
    • active pursuit (speed, claws)
    • sit & wait (intelligence, mechanical advantages)
  • and prey strategies
    • speed to flee -avoiding detecting
    • flight -chemical defenses
    • mechanical defenses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Avoiding detection

A
  • Crypsis

- camouflage making prey hard to see

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chemical defenses

A
  • many small or weak species have evolved chemical defenses
  • aposematic colors
    - warning signals (in color) that tell predators not to eat certain organisms with chemical defenses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mimicry

A

(Arises from aposematic colors)

Batesian
-harmless species looks like a dangerous one
Mullerian
-two or more dangerous species resemble each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Herbivory

A
  • animal eats plant (prey doesn’t always die)
  • leads to plant adaptations…
    • spines/thorns
    • toxins
    • bad taste
  • and to animal adaptations…
    • tough mouth
    • grinding teeth
    • toxin resistance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Parasitism

A
  • parasites are much smaller than hosts
  • parasites have evolved…
    • evading immune systems
    • movement between hosts
    • hang onto hosts
    • low virulence
  • hosts have evolved…
    • stronger immune systems
    • systems to decrease parasite load
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Micro parasites

A
  • much, much smaller than host
  • many generations may reside within a single individual
  • many cause symptoms of disease and are considered pathogens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Macro-parasites

A
  • larger than micro-parasites
  • ectoparasites live outside body of host
  • endoparasites live in body of host
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Competition

A
  • individuals compete for a resource that limits their growth and survival
  • (non trophic)
  • (-,-)
  • often asymmetrical (one species is more negatively effected than another)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

niche

A

The set of all biotic and abiotic conditions which an individual needs to grow, survive, an reproduce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fundamental niche

A
  • the range of all resources which are available to use by a species
  • when species share similar fundamental niches, they will compete for some resources
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Realized niche

A

-the range of all resources an organism actually does use

17
Q

Competitive exclusion

A
  • one species prevents another from using a certain resource
  • inferior species doesn’t survive
18
Q

Competitive coexistence

A
  • when species share a resource, and in turn both survive
    • resource partitioning
    • character displacement
19
Q

Interference competition

A

When one species directly interferes with or excludes another species’ access to a limiting resource

20
Q

Exploitation competition

A

When a limiting resource is available to all competitors but the outcome of the interaction depends on how efficiently each species uses the limiting resource

21
Q

Resource partitioning

A
  • sharing a limited resource by using the resource in different ways
  • coexistence achieved through specialization
22
Q

Character displacement

A

-phenomena in which species who compete for the same limiting resource diverge in morphology or behavior

23
Q

Positive interactions (facilitations)

A
  • at least one species benefits, none are harmed
  • trophic or nontrophic
  • Mutualism (+,+)
  • commensalism (+,0)
  • obligate/facultative
24
Q

Amensalisms

A
  • one species is harmed and the other is unaffected
  • usually indirect
  • (-,0)

Biology 1407 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions