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Medical Terminology > 5.4 Diagnosis and Pathology - Assessment > Flashcards

5.4 Diagnosis and Pathology - Assessment Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

craniosynostosis

A

Disorders of the skull, like premature closure of the bones

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2
Q

intracranial hypertension

A

Pressure in the brain

from these conditions can present as headache and vomiting

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3
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

blockage cutting off blood supply

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4
Q

meningitis

A

Infections of the tissue surrounding the brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

encephalopathy

A

dysfunction of the brain, characterized by an altered mental state

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6
Q

seizure

A

dysfunction in higher functions like personal interaction and communication is seen in autism.

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7
Q

delusions

A

distorted ­perceptions of reality

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8
Q

hallucinations

A

even hear or see things that are not there

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9
Q

cerebrovascular

A

an accident involving the blood vessels of the brain

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10
Q

stroke

A

loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain

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11
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

a stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel

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12
Q

ischemic stroke

A

a stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage

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13
Q

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A

“mini-stroke” caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves

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14
Q

cerebrovascular disease

A

disease of the blood vessels of the brain

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15
Q

cerebral aneurysm

cerebral- brain
an - pertaining to out
eury- wide
sm-condition

A

the widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain

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16
Q

cerebral arteriosclerosis

Cerbr- Brain
al-pertaining to
aterio- artery
sclerosis- hardening

A

the hardening of an artery in the brain

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17
Q

cerebral atherosclerosis

Cebra- brain
al- pertaining to
athero-fatty
scelerosis- hardening

A

the hardening of an artery in the brain caused by the buildup of fatty plaque

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18
Q

cerebral embolism

cebra- brain
Al-pertaining to
embol- stopper
ism- condition

A

the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object

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19
Q

cerebral thrombosis

A

the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot

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20
Q

craniomalacia

crani- head, skull
malacia- softening

A

abnormal softening of the skull

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21
Q

craniosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of the skull

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22
Q

craniostenosis

crani- head, skull
sten- narrow
osis- condition

A

abnormal narrowing of the skull

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23
Q

craniosynostosis

crani- head. skull
syn- together
ost-bone
osis- condition

A

premature fusing of the skull bones

24
Q

hydrocephaly

A

abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain

25
Q

astrocytoma

astro- star
cyt- cell
toma- tumor

A

Astrocytes are a star-shaped type of glial cell (

26
Q

ganglioma

A

ganglion tumor

27
Q

glioblastoma

A

a brain tumor arising from glioblast cells

28
Q

meningioma

A

tumor of the meninges

29
Q

cerebellitis

A

inflammation of the cerebellum

30
Q

cerebromeningitis

A

inflammation of the brain and meninges

31
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

32
Q

encephalomyelitis

A

inflammation of the brain and spinal cord

33
Q

encephalomyeloneuropathy

encephal- head
Myelo-
neuro-nerve
path-
y- condition
A

disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

34
Q

encephalopathy

A

disease of the brain

35
Q

encephalopyosis

encephal- brain
py- pus
osis- condition

A

a pus-filled abscess in the brain

36
Q

gangliitis

A

inflammation of a ganglion

37
Q

intracerebral hemorrhage

intra- between
cebra-brain
hemo-pertaining to blood
rrhhage- excessive bleeding

A

excessive bleeding inside the brain

38
Q

meningopathy

A

disease of the meninges

39
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the meninges

40
Q

meningoencephalitis

mening
encephal- Brain
itis- inflammatory

A

inflammation of the meninges and brain

41
Q

myelitis

A

inflammation of the spinal cord

42
Q

myelodysplasia

myelo
dys-bad
plas- formation
ia-condition

A

defective formation of the spinal cord

43
Q

myelopathy

A

disease of the spinal cord

44
Q

neuroarthropathy

neruo- nerve
arthro-joint
pathy- disease

A

disease of the joint associated with nerves

45
Q

anorexia

an- not
orex-appetite
ia- condition

A

an eating disorder characterized by the patient’s refusal to eat

46
Q

autism

aut- self
ism- condition

A

a psychiatric disorder characterized by withdrawal from communication with others;

47
Q

bulimia

Bul- ox
lim- hunger
ia- condition

A

an eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced vomiting

48
Q

cerebral palsy

palsy- pertaining to paralysis

A

paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement

49
Q

dysphoria

dys- bad
phor- carry
ia- condition

A

a negative emotional state

50
Q

epilepsy

epi-upon
lepsy- seize

A

disease marked by seizures

51
Q

euphoria

eu- good
phor-carry
ia- condition

A

a positive emotional state

52
Q

hypomania

Hypo- over
mania-excessive anger

A

a mental state just below mania

53
Q

manic depression (bipolar)

A

a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression

54
Q

narcolepsy

Nacro- sleep
lepsy- seize

A

disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness

55
Q

neurosis

neuro- nerve
osis- condition

A

nerve condition

Medical Terminology (62 decks)

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